what are inferrences based on?
Inferences are based on the information available to us. When we make inferences, we draw conclusions or make educated guesses about something that is not explicitly stated or known to us. To make inferences, we use two main sources of information:
1. Explicit information: This is the information that is given to us directly or explicitly stated in a text, conversation, or situation. It can be in the form of facts, statements, or descriptions that are clearly mentioned.
2. Implicit information: This is the information that is not explicitly stated but can be inferred or implied from the explicit information. It requires us to use our background knowledge, common sense, and reasoning abilities to make logical connections and draw conclusions.
To make accurate inferences, it is important to carefully analyze and evaluate the available information. Here are some steps you can follow to make inferences effectively:
1. Understand the explicit information: Read or listen carefully to gather all the explicit information provided. Pay attention to the details and identify any specific statements or facts given.
2. Identify any implicit information: Look for hints, clues, or suggestions within the explicit information that can give you additional insights or context. Consider the tone, emotions, and implications behind the words or actions.
3. Apply your background knowledge: Think about your own experiences, knowledge, and beliefs that might help you make connections or understand the situation better. Consider any relevant cultural, social, or historical factors that may influence your interpretation.
4. Use logical reasoning: Analyze the explicit and implicit information, and use deductive or inductive reasoning to draw logical conclusions. Think about cause and effect relationships, patterns, or any logical connections that can support your inference.
It is important to note that inferences are not always completely accurate, as they are based on interpretations and assumptions. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the reliability and validity of your inferences by considering alternative explanations and seeking additional evidence when possible.