Determine the oxidation state of each transition metal in the following cmpds. (a) Na2MoO4 (b) KAuCl4 (c) MgWO4 and (d) Ni(CO)4
Na2MoO4. Here is how you do them.
Compounds must add to zero.
Na is +1, total Na is +2.
O is -4, total O is -8.
What does it take for Mo for the compound to be zero? Mo must be +6.
Here is a site that is a good one if you need some help on the rules.
http://www.chemteam.info/Redox/Redox-Rules.html
Na2MoO4 is +8
To determine the oxidation state of each transition metal in the given compounds, we need to know some general rules and guidelines:
1. The sum of the oxidation states in a neutral compound is equal to zero.
2. The sum of the oxidation states in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.
3. Oxygen is usually assigned an oxidation state of -2.
4. Hydrogen is usually assigned an oxidation state of +1.
5. The sum of the oxidation states of ligands in a coordination compound is equal to the charge on the compound.
Now, let's apply these rules to determine the oxidation state of each transition metal in the given compounds:
(a) Na2MoO4:
We know that sodium (Na) usually has an oxidation state of +1, and oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2. Using Rule 1, let's assign the oxidation state of molybdenum (Mo) as x.
(+1) * 2 + x + (-2) * 4 = 0
2 + x - 8 = 0
x - 6 = 0
x = +6
Therefore, the oxidation state of molybdenum in Na2MoO4 is +6.
(b) KAuCl4:
Similarly, potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1, and chlorine (Cl) typically has an oxidation state of -1. We will assign the oxidation state of gold (Au) as y.
(+1) * 1 + y + (-1) * 4 = 0
1 + y - 4 = 0
y - 3 = 0
y = +3
Thus, the oxidation state of gold in KAuCl4 is +3.
(c) MgWO4:
Magnesium (Mg) generally has an oxidation state of +2, and we will assign the oxidation state of tungsten (W) as z.
(+2) * 1 + z + (-2) * 4 = 0
2 + z - 8 = 0
z - 6 = 0
z = +6
The oxidation state of tungsten in MgWO4 is +6.
(d) Ni(CO)4:
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a neutral ligand. Since the overall charge on the compound is zero, we know that the oxidation state of nickel (Ni) is also zero.
Therefore, the oxidation state of nickel in Ni(CO)4 is 0.
To summarize:
(a) Na2MoO4: Molybdenum (Mo) is +6.
(b) KAuCl4: Gold (Au) is +3.
(c) MgWO4: Tungsten (W) is +6.
(d) Ni(CO)4: Nickel (Ni) is 0.
To determine the oxidation state of transition metals in chemical compounds, we need to apply some rules and knowledge about oxidation states.
(a) Na2MoO4:
In this compound, we know that sodium (Na) has a +1 oxidation state. Oxygen (O) usually has a -2 oxidation state. We can use this information to calculate the oxidation state of molybdenum (Mo).
Let's assign the oxidation state of Mo as x.
So, we have:
2(+1) + x + 4(-2) = 0 (since the overall compound is neutral)
2 + x - 8 = 0
x - 6 = 0
x = +6
Therefore, the oxidation state of molybdenum (Mo) in Na2MoO4 is +6.
(b) KAuCl4:
In this compound, we know that potassium (K) has a +1 oxidation state. Oxygen (O) usually has a -2 oxidation state. We can use this information to calculate the oxidation state of gold (Au).
Let's assign the oxidation state of Au as x.
So, we have:
(+1) + x + 4(-1) = 0 (since the overall compound is neutral)
1 + x - 4 = 0
x - 3 = 0
x = +3
Therefore, the oxidation state of gold (Au) in KAuCl4 is +3.
(c) MgWO4:
In this compound, we know that magnesium (Mg) has a +2 oxidation state. Oxygen (O) usually has a -2 oxidation state. We can use this information to calculate the oxidation state of tungsten (W).
Let's assign the oxidation state of W as x.
So, we have:
(+2) + x + 4(-2) = 0 (since the overall compound is neutral)
2 + x - 8 = 0
x - 6 = 0
x = +6
Therefore, the oxidation state of tungsten (W) in MgWO4 is +6.
(d) Ni(CO)4:
In this compound, we need to consider the known oxidation states of the surrounding elements. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a neutral ligand, meaning it has a net oxidation state of zero. From this information, we can calculate the oxidation state of nickel (Ni).
Let's assign the oxidation state of Ni as x.
So, we have:
x + 4(0) = 0 (since the overall compound is neutral)
x + 0 = 0
x = 0
Therefore, the oxidation state of nickel (Ni) in Ni(CO)4 is 0.