Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
HI
H2Te
H2O
AsH3
The boiling point of a compound is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces between its molecules. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.
Among the given compounds, H2O (water) has the highest boiling point. This is because water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with each other, which are stronger than the dipole-dipole forces in the other compounds.
HI (hydrogen iodide) has weaker dipole-dipole forces compared to the hydrogen bonding in water, so it has a lower boiling point.
H2Te (hydrogen telluride) has weaker intermolecular forces compared to hydrogen bonding, so it has a lower boiling point than water.
AsH3 (arsine) has the weakest intermolecular forces among the given compounds, so it has the lowest boiling point.
To determine which compound has the highest boiling point among the given options (HI, H2Te, H2O, AsH3), we need to consider the intermolecular forces present.
Boiling point is a measure of the strength of the intermolecular forces. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point. Here's how you can determine which compound has the highest boiling point:
1. Identify the intermolecular forces:
- HI: Hydrogen iodide (HI) is a polar molecule. It exhibits dipole-dipole interactions due to the presence of a polar bond between hydrogen and iodine.
- H2Te: Hydrogen telluride (H2Te) is also a polar molecule with dipole-dipole interactions comparable to HI.
- H2O: Water (H2O) is a highly polar molecule with strong hydrogen bonding, which is a type of dipole-dipole interaction.
- AsH3: Arsine (AsH3) is a nonpolar molecule with only weak London dispersion forces.
2. Compare the strength of the intermolecular forces:
- Dipole-dipole interactions (found in HI and H2Te) are weaker than hydrogen bonding found in H2O.
- London dispersion forces (present in AsH3) are generally weaker than both dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding.
3. Determine the highest boiling point:
From the above comparisons, we can conclude that H2O has the highest boiling point among the given compounds due to its strong hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force in this set of compounds.
Therefore, H2O has the highest boiling point among HI, H2Te, H2O, and AsH3.