If the concentration of glucose in the blood flowing through the
kidneys is within the normal range, then which of the following
statements is correct?
a. The nephron pumps glucose into the collecting duct.
b. The Bowman's capsule secrets glucose back into the blood.
c. No glucose passes from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule.
d. Most glucose within the nephron tubule is reabsorbed by the
blood.
e. Most glucose that passes from blood into the nephron tubule
remains in the urine and is subsequently excreted.
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To determine which statement is correct, we need to understand how glucose is handled by the kidneys.
The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body. Typically, glucose is filtered out of the blood by a specialized cluster of capillaries called the glomerulus, which is located in the Bowman's capsule. This initial filtration process allows small molecules like glucose to pass from the blood into the nephron tubule.
Now, let's evaluate each of the given statements based on this information:
a. The nephron pumps glucose into the collecting duct.
This statement is incorrect. The nephron does not actively pump glucose into the collecting duct. Instead, glucose is filtered into the nephron tubule.
b. The Bowman's capsule secretes glucose back into the blood.
This statement is incorrect as well. The Bowman's capsule does not actively secrete glucose back into the blood. Its primary function is to capture and filter substances, including glucose, from the blood.
c. No glucose passes from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule.
This statement is incorrect. Glucose does pass from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule through the process of filtration.
d. Most glucose within the nephron tubule is reabsorbed by the blood.
This statement is correct. After glucose is filtered into the nephron tubule, most of it gets reabsorbed back into the blood. This reabsorption occurs mainly in the proximal tubule of the nephron. This essential process prevents excessive loss of glucose in the urine.
e. Most glucose that passes from blood into the nephron tubule remains in the urine and is subsequently excreted.
This statement is incorrect. As mentioned before, the majority of glucose that enters the nephron tubule is reabsorbed back into the blood. Therefore, only a minimal amount of glucose remains in the urine. In cases of high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), some glucose may not be reabsorbed, leading to its presence in the urine (glucosuria).
So, the correct statement is:
d. Most glucose within the nephron tubule is reabsorbed by the blood.