which reactant has been oxidized?

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Nothing oxidized. Nothing reduced. Nothing!

To determine which reactant has been oxidized, you need to analyze the oxidation states of the elements before and after the reaction. Here's the step-by-step process to identify the oxidized reactant:

1. Write down the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
2. Identify the elements that change their oxidation states during the reaction.
3. Determine the oxidation states of the elements in the reactants (before the reaction) and the products (after the reaction).
4. Compare the oxidation states of the elements before and after the reaction.
5. The reactant in which the oxidation state of an element increases is the one that has been oxidized.

For example, let's consider the reaction between copper (Cu) and oxygen (O2) to form copper oxide (CuO):

2Cu + O2 → 2CuO

In this reaction, the oxidation state of copper changes from 0 to +2, and the oxidation state of oxygen changes from 0 to -2.

Since the oxidation state of copper increases from 0 to +2, copper is being oxidized in this reaction.

By following this process, you can determine which reactant has been oxidized in a given chemical reaction.