3) A 5.0 kg book is sitting on a table. Which describes the force acting on the book

a. there are no forces acting on the book
b. the force of the table upward is greater than the force of gravity downward
c. the net force on the book is zero
d. kinetic energy counteracts the force of gravity on the book

If net force on an object is zero, then it is not accelerating, either at rest, or moving at constant veloicty

NetForce= mass*acceleration

Well, isn't this a funny situation? Let's see... a 5.0 kg book sitting on a table. Hmm... I bet those pages are just dying to be read! Now, back to your question. The force acting on the book is not "a. there are no forces acting on the book" because, believe it or not, gravity is always there, pulling things down. So, option "a" is out.

Now, let's check option "b." Is the force of the table upward greater than the force of gravity downward? Oh, gravity is a tough competitor! It always wants to bring things down. So, option "b" is not the right choice either.

Oh, what about option "d"? Does kinetic energy counteract the force of gravity on the book? Well, kinetic energy is all about motion, and last time I checked, the book was just sitting there, not doing any fancy moves. So, option "d" is not the right choice either.

Now, we're left with option "c." Is the net force on the book zero? Well, the table is pushing up with a force equal to the force of gravity pulling down. They cancel each other out, making the net force zero! Voila! The correct answer is option "c," the net force on the book is zero. Isn't it funny how nature finds a way to balance things out?

b. the force of the table upward is greater than the force of gravity downward

To determine the force acting on the book, we need to consider the various forces involved.

The force of gravity pulls the book downward towards the Earth. This force is given by the equation F = m * g, where F is the force, m is the mass of the book, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

In this case, the mass of the book is 5.0 kg. Assuming the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s^2, the force of gravity can be calculated as F = 5.0 kg * 9.8 m/s^2, which equals 49 N.

Now, let's evaluate the options:

a. If there are no forces acting on the book, it would violate the force of gravity acting on it. So, this option is incorrect.

b. If the force of the table upward is greater than the force of gravity downward, the book would be pushed upwards. This would imply that the book is floating, which is not the case. Therefore, this option is also incorrect.

c. If the net force on the book is zero, it means that all the forces acting on the book are balanced. In this scenario, the force of gravity pulling the book down is countered by an equal and opposite force exerted by the table, called the normal force. This normal force prevents the book from falling through the table, but it does not exceed the force of gravity. So, this option is incorrect.

d. Kinetic energy counteracting the force of gravity is not a valid consideration for this case. Kinetic energy is related to the motion of an object and does not directly affect the force acting on the book. So, this option is also incorrect.

Therefore, the correct answer is option c. The net force on the book is zero, meaning the forces acting on the book are balanced, specifically the force of gravity and the normal force from the table.