A crate full of artichokes rests on a ramp that is inclined 10.0° above the horizontal. Give the direction of the normal force and the friction force acting on the crate in each of these situations.
(a) The crate is at rest.
Normal Force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
Friction force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
(b) The crate is being pushed and is sliding up the ramp.
Normal Force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
Friction force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
(c) The crate is being pushed and is sliding down the ramp.
Normal Force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
Friction force :
1.perpendicular to and away from the ramp
2.perpendicular to and into the ramp
3.along the ramp upward
4.along the ramp downward
(a) The crate is at rest.
Normal Force: 2. Perpendicular to and into the ramp.
Friction Force: 1. Perpendicular to and away from the ramp.
(b) The crate is being pushed and is sliding up the ramp.
Normal Force: 2. Perpendicular to and into the ramp.
Friction Force: 1. Perpendicular to and away from the ramp.
(c) The crate is being pushed and is sliding down the ramp.
Normal Force: 2. Perpendicular to and into the ramp.
Friction Force: 2. Perpendicular to and into the ramp.
(a) The crate is at rest:
- Normal Force: The normal force is perpendicular to and into the ramp (Option 2). This is because the crate is at rest, and the normal force acts perpendicular to the surface it is in contact with, which in this case is the upward direction into the ramp.
- Friction Force: The friction force is along the ramp, upward (Option 3). This is because the crate is not moving, and the friction force opposes the potential motion or tendency to slide down the ramp.
(b) The crate is being pushed and is sliding up the ramp:
- Normal Force: The normal force is perpendicular to and into the ramp (Option 2). This remains the same as in the previous case because the normal force is determined by the weight of the crate, which is acting straight downward.
- Friction Force: The friction force is along the ramp, downward (Option 4). This is because the crate is being pushed up the ramp, and the friction force opposes the motion, acting in the opposite direction to the crate's motion.
(c) The crate is being pushed and is sliding down the ramp:
- Normal Force: The normal force is perpendicular to and into the ramp (Option 2). Similarly to the previous cases, the normal force remains the same because it is determined by the weight of the crate.
- Friction Force: The friction force is along the ramp, upward (Option 3). This is because the crate is sliding down the ramp, and the friction force opposes the motion, acting in the opposite direction to the crate's motion.