Need help with these--

25. Bacteria and eukaryotes share the characteristic of
a. multicellularity
b. a cell nucleus
c. a cell membrane
d. all of the above

26. Two ways that bacteria causes disease are
a. toxins are released that break down and absorb host organic nutrients enzymes or enzymes are excreted that poison the host
b. enzymes are released that break down and absorb host organic nutrients or toxins are excreted that poison the host
c. enzymes are released that break down and absorb inorganic nutrients or toxins are excreted that poison the host
d. through the lytic and lysogenic cycles

27. HIV is spread through the body
a. after it replicates and leaves the macrophage by rupturing it
b. by taking it over the host macrophage’s DNA and directing it to attack other cells.
c. by budding from the macrophage and enveloping itself with the host’s cell membrane
d. by attaching the lymphocyte’s CCR5 receptors to itself which fools other lymphocytes.

29. Which kingdom of eukaryotes exhibits the broadest range of characteristics?
a. Animalia
b. Protista
c. Plantae
d. Eubacteria
B?

Thanks
-MC

29. broadest range of characteristics? I wonder why you excluded Animalia.

27. c is the best answer.
26. b sounds good to me. http://www.earthlife.net/prokaryotes/disease.html#2
25. Bacteria may not have a nucleus, but do have a cell membrane.

25. To determine the shared characteristic between bacteria and eukaryotes, we can analyze the given options. Let's go through each one:

a. Multicellularity: Bacteria are generally unicellular organisms, so they do not possess multicellularity. This option can be excluded.

b. A cell nucleus: Both bacteria and eukaryotes have a cell nucleus. The cell nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic material. Therefore, option b is a valid characteristic shared by bacteria and eukaryotes.

c. A cell membrane: Both bacteria and eukaryotes have a cell membrane. The cell membrane is the outer boundary of the cell that regulates the passage of materials in and out of the cell. Therefore, option c is also a valid characteristic shared by bacteria and eukaryotes.

d. All of the above: This option includes both the characteristics mentioned in options b and c. Since both are correct, option d is the correct answer.

Therefore, the answer to question 25 is d. all of the above.

26. The question is asking for two ways that bacteria cause disease. Let's analyze each option:

a. Toxins are released that break down and absorb host organic nutrients or enzymes are excreted that poison the host: This option suggests that bacteria release toxins or excrete enzymes that either break down and absorb the host's organic nutrients or poison the host. This is a valid mechanism by which bacteria can cause disease.

b. Enzymes are released that break down and absorb host organic nutrients or toxins are excreted that poison the host: This option is similar to option a and describes another valid mechanism by which bacteria cause disease.

c. Enzymes are released that break down and absorb inorganic nutrients or toxins are excreted that poison the host: This option mentions the breakdown and absorption of inorganic nutrients, which is not a common mechanism by which bacteria cause disease. Inorganic nutrients are generally obtained by autotrophic organisms and are unlikely to be involved in causing disease.

d. Through the lytic and lysogenic cycles: The lytic and lysogenic cycles are mechanisms by which viruses reproduce, not bacteria. This option does not describe a way bacteria cause disease.

Therefore, the correct answer to question 26 is either option a or option b, as both describe valid ways that bacteria cause disease.

27. The question is asking how HIV is spread through the body. Let's analyze each option:

a. After it replicates and leaves the macrophage by rupturing it: This option suggests that HIV replicates inside a macrophage and then ruptures the macrophage to spread through the body. This is not an accurate description of how HIV spreads.

b. By taking over the host macrophage's DNA and directing it to attack other cells: This option suggests that HIV infects a macrophage and uses the host cell's DNA to direct the attack on other cells. This is not an accurate description of how HIV spreads.

c. By budding from the macrophage and enveloping itself with the host's cell membrane: This option describes a mechanism by which HIV spreads through the body. HIV buds from an infected cell and acquires the host's cell membrane to form its own viral envelope. This new enveloped virus can then infect other cells.

d. By attaching the lymphocyte's CCR5 receptors to itself, fooling other lymphocytes: This option suggests that HIV attaches to lymphocyte receptors, specifically CCR5, and tricks other lymphocytes into becoming infected. This is an accurate description of how HIV spreads through the body.

Therefore, the correct answer to question 27 is d. by attaching the lymphocyte's CCR5 receptors to itself, which fools other lymphocytes.

29. The question is asking which kingdom of eukaryotes exhibits the broadest range of characteristics. Let's analyze each option:

a. Animalia: The Animalia kingdom includes multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and have complex organ systems. While animals display a wide range of characteristics, they are not as diverse as other eukaryotic kingdoms.

b. Protista: The Protista kingdom includes a wide range of unicellular and multicellular organisms, such as protozoans, algae, and slime molds. This kingdom exhibits the broadest range of characteristics among eukaryotes, making it the correct answer.

c. Plantae: The Plantae kingdom includes multicellular autotrophic organisms, such as plants. While plants have diverse forms and adaptations, the range of characteristics within this kingdom is not as broad as in the Protista kingdom.

d. Eubacteria: Eubacteria refers to the domain of bacteria, which are prokaryotes, not eukaryotes. Therefore, this option can be excluded.

Therefore, the correct answer to question 29 is b. Protista.