Solutions of sodium hydroxide cannot be kept for very long because they absorb carbon dioxide from the air , forming sodium carbonate. the unbalanced equation is
NaOH(aq) + CO2(g) = Na2CO3(aq) + H2O(l)
calculate the number of grams of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by complete reation with a solution of 5.00 grams of sodium hydroxide
1. Balance the equation.
2. Convert 5.00 g NaOH to moles. moles = grams/molar mass.
3. Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert moles NaOH to moles CO2.
4. Convert moles CO2 to grams CO2.
grams = moles x molar mass.
Post your work if you get stuck.
To calculate the number of grams of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by a solution of sodium hydroxide, we first need to determine the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
The molar mass of sodium (Na) is 22.99 g/mol, oxygen (O) is 16.00 g/mol, and hydrogen (H) is 1.01 g/mol. The molar mass of sodium hydroxide can be calculated as follows:
Na: 1 atom x 22.99 g/mol = 22.99 g/mol
O: 1 atom x 16.00 g/mol = 16.00 g/mol
H: 1 atom x 1.01 g/mol = 1.01 g/mol
Adding these values together gives us the molar mass of sodium hydroxide:
22.99 + 16.00 + 1.01 = 40.00 g/mol
Now, we can use the molar mass to convert the mass of sodium hydroxide to moles:
5.00 g NaOH x (1 mol NaOH / 40.00 g NaOH) = 0.125 mol NaOH
According to the unbalanced equation, 1 mole of sodium hydroxide reacts with 1 mole of carbon dioxide to form 1 mole of sodium carbonate. Therefore, the moles of carbon dioxide are equal to the moles of sodium hydroxide.
Since the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) is 44.01 g/mol, we can now calculate the mass of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed:
0.125 mol CO2 x (44.01 g CO2 / 1 mol CO2) = 5.50 g CO2
Therefore, a solution of 5.00 grams of sodium hydroxide can absorb 5.50 grams of carbon dioxide.
To calculate the number of grams of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by the complete reaction with a solution of 5.00 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we need to determine the molar quantities of NaOH and CO2 and then use stoichiometry to find the mass of CO2.
1. Calculate the molar mass of NaOH:
The atomic masses of Na, O, and H are 22.99 g/mol, 16.00 g/mol, and 1.01 g/mol, respectively.
So, the molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 1.01 g/mol = 40.00 g/mol.
2. Convert the mass of NaOH to moles:
Using the given mass of NaOH (5.00 grams) and its molar mass (40.00 g/mol), we can calculate the number of moles of NaOH:
Number of moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH
= 5.00 g / 40.00 g/mol
= 0.125 mol.
3. Determine the stoichiometry of the reaction:
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of CO2 to form 1 mole of Na2CO3. Therefore, the stoichiometric coefficient ratio is 1:1.
4. Calculate the moles of CO2 that can be absorbed:
Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1, the number of moles of CO2 that can be absorbed is also 0.125 mol.
5. Convert moles of CO2 to grams:
To convert the moles of CO2 to grams, we need to multiply it by the molar mass of CO2. The molar mass of CO2 is calculated by adding the atomic masses of carbon (C) and oxygen (O), which are 12.01 g/mol and 16.00 g/mol, respectively:
Molar mass of CO2 = 12.01 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol = 44.01 g/mol.
Mass of CO2 = Moles of CO2 × Molar mass of CO2
= 0.125 mol × 44.01 g/mol
= 5.50 g.
So, the number of grams of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by complete reaction with a solution of 5.00 grams of sodium hydroxide is 5.50 grams.