which relationship can best described as casual?

(1)height and intelligence
(2)shoe size and running speed
(3)number of correct answers on a test and test score
(4)number of students in a class and number of students with brown hair

casual, or causal? Big Difference.

My experience is that the number of correct answers is causal for the final score.

http://www.answers.com/causal

http://www.answers.com/casual

Yes, indeed ... BIG difference!

To determine which relationship can be best described as casual, we need to understand what a casual relationship means. In a casual relationship, the variables are not strongly related or dependent on each other. Let's evaluate the options:

(1) Height and intelligence: In most cases, height and intelligence are not directly related or dependent on each other. While some studies suggest a weak correlation between height and intelligence, it is generally not considered a casual relationship.

(2) Shoe size and running speed: There is no direct relationship between shoe size and running speed. Shoe size does not determine someone's ability or speed in running. Hence, this relationship can be described as casual.

(3) Number of correct answers on a test and test score: The number of correct answers on a test and an individual's test score are highly related. The more correct answers a person gets, the higher their test score is likely to be. This indicates a strong or direct relationship rather than a casual one.

(4) Number of students in a class and number of students with brown hair: The number of students in a class and the number of students with brown hair are unrelated factors. The number of students in a class does not influence the number of students with brown hair or vice versa. Thus, this relationship can be described as casual.

Based on the explanations above, the relationship that can best be described as casual is option (2): shoe size and running speed.