Such tests as the Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test are examples of what?
projective measures
self-report measures
objective measures
observational measures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_testing
The Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) are examples of projective measures.
To understand why, let's break down the different types of psychological measures you mentioned:
1. Projective measures: These involve using ambiguous stimuli to reveal unconscious aspects of a person's personality, thoughts, or emotions. In the case of the Rorschach Inkblot Test, participants are shown a series of inkblots and asked to describe what they see, which can provide insights into their thought processes and perspectives. Similarly, the TAT uses a series of pictures as prompts to elicit narratives that can shed light on a person's inner experiences and motivations.
2. Self-report measures: These involve participants directly responding to questionnaires or surveys about their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, or beliefs. Self-report measures rely on individuals' ability to accurately report or express their own experiences, such as with standardized psychological tests like the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) or the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
3. Objective measures: These involve direct observations or assessments of specific behaviors, without relying on subjective interpretation. For example, a test that measures reaction time or accuracy in completing a task can be considered an objective measure. One example is the Stroop Test, where participants are asked to name the colors of ink used to print words, which measures attention and cognitive control.
4. Observational measures: These involve systematically observing and recording behaviors or events in a naturalistic or controlled setting. Observational measures typically involve a researcher or observer watching and documenting behavior without direct interaction with the participants. Examples include recording and coding social interactions or using video analysis to examine patterns of behavior.
Based on these definitions, the Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test fall under the projective measures category because they rely on ambiguous stimuli to evoke subjective interpretations that can provide insight into a person's underlying thoughts, emotions, and personality traits.