10 gm of silver nitrate solution is added to 10 gm of sodium chloride solution what change in mass do you expect after the reaction and why?
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To determine the change in mass expected after the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl), we need to understand the chemical reaction that takes place.
The reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride can be represented by the following equation:
AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
This balanced equation tells us that silver nitrate and sodium chloride react to form silver chloride (AgCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNO3).
To calculate the expected change in mass, we need to consider the molar masses of the substances involved in the reaction. The molar mass of silver nitrate (AgNO3) is 169.87 grams per mole, and the molar mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44 grams per mole.
Given that 10 grams of each solution is added, we need to convert these masses to moles.
For silver nitrate:
Mass of AgNO3 = 10 grams
Molar mass of AgNO3 = 169.87 g/mol
Number of moles of AgNO3 = (Mass of AgNO3) / (Molar mass of AgNO3)
= 10 g / 169.87 g/mol
≈ 0.0589 mol
For sodium chloride:
Mass of NaCl = 10 grams
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol
Number of moles of NaCl = (Mass of NaCl) / (Molar mass of NaCl)
= 10 g / 58.44 g/mol
≈ 0.171 mol
According to the balanced equation, one mole of silver nitrate reacts with one mole of sodium chloride to form one mole of silver chloride. Therefore, the reaction stoichiometry tells us that the number of moles of AgNO3 consumed will be equal to the number of moles of NaCl consumed.
From the calculations above, we see that 0.0589 moles of AgNO3 and 0.171 moles of NaCl are present.
Since the number of moles is the same for both reactants, the silver nitrate is the limiting reactant. This means that all of the silver nitrate will be consumed in the reaction.
To calculate the mass of silver chloride formed, we need to determine the molar mass of AgCl, which is 143.32 grams per mole.
Mass of AgCl = (Number of moles of AgNO3) * (Molar mass of AgCl)
= 0.0589 mol * 143.32 g/mol
≈ 8.43 grams
Therefore, after the reaction, we expect the mass of the solution to increase by 8.43 grams. This is because the silver nitrate and sodium chloride react to form silver chloride, which is a solid precipitate that will add mass to the solution.