Using the following stock solutions:
NaCl, 100mmol
KCl, 200mmol
CaCl2, 160mmol
Glucose, 5mmol
Calculate the volumes of each stock solution and the volume of water needed to prepare 100ml of a single solution containing
NaCl at 5.0mmol
KCl at 2.5mmol
CaCl2 at 40mmol
Glucose at 0.25mmol
thanks
To calculate the volumes of each stock solution and the volume of water needed to prepare 100ml of the desired solution, we need to use the principles of dilution.
First, let's determine the concentrations of the required components in the final solution:
1. NaCl at 5.0mmol: We want a final volume of 100ml, and we need NaCl at a concentration of 5.0mmol in that volume. So, the required moles of NaCl can be calculated using the formula:
Moles of NaCl = concentration (in mmol) × volume (in L)
Moles of NaCl = 5.0mmol × 0.1L (100ml = 0.1L)
Moles of NaCl = 0.5mmol
2. KCl at 2.5mmol: Following the same approach:
Moles of KCl = 2.5mmol × 0.1L
Moles of KCl = 0.25mmol
3. CaCl2 at 40mmol:
Moles of CaCl2 = 40mmol × 0.1L
Moles of CaCl2 = 4mmol
4. Glucose at 0.25mmol:
Moles of glucose = 0.25mmol × 0.1L
Moles of glucose = 0.025mmol
Now, let's calculate the required volumes of the stock solutions to achieve the desired concentrations:
1. NaCl stock solution:
The stock solution is 100mmol, and we need 0.5mmol of NaCl in the final solution. Using the formula:
Volume of NaCl stock solution = (Moles of NaCl required / Moles of NaCl in stock solution) × Volume of final solution
Volume of NaCl stock solution = (0.5mmol / 100mmol) × 100ml
Volume of NaCl stock solution = 0.5ml
2. KCl stock solution:
The stock solution is 200mmol, and we need 0.25mmol of KCl. Using the same formula:
Volume of KCl stock solution = (0.25mmol / 200mmol) × 100ml
Volume of KCl stock solution = 0.125ml
3. CaCl2 stock solution:
The stock solution is 160mmol, and we need 4mmol of CaCl2.
Volume of CaCl2 stock solution = (4mmol / 160mmol) × 100ml
Volume of CaCl2 stock solution = 2.5ml
4. Glucose stock solution:
The stock solution is 5mmol, and we need 0.025mmol of glucose.
Volume of glucose stock solution = (0.025mmol / 5mmol) × 100ml
Volume of glucose stock solution = 0.5ml
Finally, we can calculate the volume of water needed to make up the remaining volume in the final solution:
Volume of water = Volume of final solution - Sum of volumes of stock solutions
Volume of water = 100ml - (0.5ml + 0.125ml + 2.5ml + 0.5ml)
Volume of water = 96.375ml
Therefore, you would need 0.5ml of NaCl stock solution, 0.125ml of KCl stock solution, 2.5ml of CaCl2 stock solution, and 0.5ml of glucose stock solution to prepare a 100ml solution containing NaCl at 5.0mmol, KCl at 2.5mmol, CaCl2 at 40mmol, and glucose at 0.25mmol. Additionally, you would need 96.375ml of water.