What characteristics are typical of molecules that are gases at room temperature?

They are small, and nonpolar.

Molecules that are gases at room temperature typically have certain characteristics. These characteristics can help us predict whether a substance is likely to exist as a gas at room temperature. Here are a few key characteristics:

1. Low boiling point: Gaseous substances generally have low boiling points, which means they vaporize at relatively low temperatures. This allows them to exist as gases at room temperature (around 25 degrees Celsius or 77 degrees Fahrenheit).

2. Weak intermolecular forces: Gaseous molecules have weaker intermolecular forces compared to solids and liquids. These weak forces make it easier for the molecules to move freely and independently of each other, allowing them to escape into the gas phase.

3. Low molecular weight: Gases at room temperature often have low molecular weights, which means they consist of small, lighter molecules. Lighter molecules have higher average kinetic energy and move more rapidly, making them more likely to exist as gases.

4. Nonpolar or low polarity: Gaseous molecules tend to be nonpolar or have low polarity. This means they don't have strong positive or negative charges, resulting in weaker attractions between molecules.

It's important to note that these characteristics are generalizations and there are exceptions. Some molecules may defy these characteristics and still exist as gases at room temperature due to specific molecular structures or unique circumstances. To determine definitively whether a particular molecule is a gas at room temperature, it is best to consult experimental data or reference sources such as databases or scientific literature.