I have to write about english law and culture

how would somone rise in ranks, both in parliment, lorship/earldom etc., or sea ranks?

To understand how someone can rise in ranks in English law and culture, let's break it down into two aspects: political ranks (such as in Parliament and the nobility) and ranks in the navy.

1. Rising in Political Ranks:
a. Parliament: Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected by the public. The path to becoming an MP generally involves joining a political party, actively participating in local politics, and building a strong reputation within the party. This can include working for the party, campaigning for other candidates, or holding lower-level political offices. Successful candidates are then chosen by the party to run for a seat in Parliament. Winning the election and serving as an MP can pave the way for advancement within the party's ranks and potentially to higher positions in the government.

b. Nobility: Historically, the peerage system played a significant role in the ranks of the English nobility. Elevation to noble titles, such as lordship or earldom, was often granted by the monarch for various reasons, including loyalty, services rendered, or political alliances. Today, hereditary nobility is less important, and advancements are often granted for exceptional service or achievements. The sovereign, on the advice of the Prime Minister, may confer peerages, knighthoods, or other honors as a way to recognize individuals' contributions to society or to reward political support.

2. Rising in Sea Ranks:
a. Royal Navy: Advancement in the military, specifically in the navy, is generally based on a combination of experience, skills, and professional development. As one enters the Royal Navy, they begin as a lower-ranked officer or sailor and then progress through the ranks. Promotions are typically determined by factors such as length of service, performance evaluations, completion of required training, and demonstrated leadership abilities. Advancement to higher sea ranks, such as admiral or captain, often requires a successful track record, experience in command roles, and the completion of additional training and assessments.

It is important to note that the processes and requirements for rising in ranks in English law, politics, and the military are complex and constantly evolving. This is just a general overview, and there may be additional factors and specific guidelines to consider. Extensive research and seeking advice from relevant authorities or experts in each field would be beneficial for a comprehensive understanding.