What is a short circuit and why is it considered to be a safety hazard?
Maria, we do not do your homework for you. After you have done some reading, please repost with your answers. We will be happy to give you suggestions/corrections if needed.
But i don't get it i look at it and it didn't help :( why don't i just go and fail
Whatever book you are using for electronics must have a definition for short circuit. Why not post it and then indicate exactly what part of it are you having trouble with?
PS: Wikipedia says ...
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Definition
A short circuit is an abnormal low-resistance connection between two nodes of an electrical circuit that are meant to be at different voltages. This results in an excessive electric current (overcurrent) limited only by the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the rest of the network and potentially causes circuit damage, overheating, fire or explosion.
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There are some advanced words in there, but you should be able to get the general idea out of that.
A short circuit occurs when a path of very low resistance is created between two points in an electrical circuit, causing a surge in current flow. This usually happens when a live wire comes into direct contact with a neutral wire or a ground wire, bypassing the intended load.
Short circuits are considered safety hazards for several reasons:
1. Overheating: When a short circuit occurs, an excessive amount of current flows through the circuit, leading to a rapid increase in heat generation. This increased heat can cause damage to the electrical components, melt insulation, or even cause a fire.
2. Electrical shock: Short circuits can pose a risk of electrical shock. If a person comes into contact with a short-circuited wire, the high current flow can pass through their body, resulting in severe injuries or even death.
3. Damage to equipment: Short circuits can cause damage to the electrical devices connected to the circuit. The high current flow can lead to the malfunctioning or complete failure of appliances, tools, or electronic devices.
To ensure safety and prevent short circuits, proper electrical wiring practices should be followed, such as using appropriate insulation, securing wires properly, and implementing circuit protection devices like fuses or circuit breakers. Additionally, regular inspection and maintenance of electrical systems can help identify any potential hazards, including short circuits, and mitigate them promptly.