Latitude lines measure distance in degrees north and south of this?

is it equator?

yes

Right! :-)

what city in Australia not located on the coast

Yes, you are correct. Latitude lines, also known as parallels, measure the distance in degrees north and south of the Equator. The Equator is a horizontal line that encircles Earth at its midpoint, dividing the planet into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. It is designated as 0 degrees latitude. As you move north from the Equator, the latitude lines increase in value, reaching a maximum of 90 degrees at the North Pole. Similarly, as you move south from the Equator, the latitude lines decrease in value, reaching a maximum of -90 degrees at the South Pole. So, the Equator serves as the reference point for measuring latitude.