Determine the number of moles of each specified atom or ion in the given samples of the following compounds.( Hint: the formula tells you how many atoms or ions are in each molecule of formula unit.)
a. O atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2
b. C atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2
c. O atom in 2.2222x10^24 molecules of CO2
d. K^+ ions in 5.324 *10^16 formula units of KNO2
e. CL^ - ions in 1.000 x 1o^14 formula units of MgCl2
f. N atoms in 2.000 * 10^14 formula units of Ca (NO3)2
g. O atoms in 4.999 x 10^25 formula units of Mg3(PO4)2
this is answered below
ok can you help with h instead.
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i mean g
You know from below how to determine moles of the compound, Mg3(PO4)2. Now how many O atoms are in the compound?
To determine the number of moles of each specified atom or ion in the given samples of the compounds, we first need to understand the relationships between moles, molecules, formula units, and atoms.
1 mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of particles, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23. This means that if we have the number of molecules or formula units, we can calculate the number of moles using the following equation:
Number of moles = Number of molecules or formula units / Avogadro's number
Once we have the number of moles, we can use the coefficients in the chemical formula to determine the number of atoms or ions. For example, in CO2, one molecule of CO2 contains 1 carbon (C) atom and 2 oxygen (O) atoms.
Now let's apply these concepts to each part of the question:
a. O atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2:
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of CO2.
Number of moles = 3.161x10^21 molecules / 6.022 x 10^23 = 0.00524 moles
Step 2: Multiply the number of moles by the number of O atoms in one molecule of CO2.
Number of O atoms = 0.00524 moles * 2 = 0.0105 moles
b. C atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2:
Using the same steps as in part a, we find that the number of C atoms is 0.00524 moles.
c. O atom in 2.2222x10^24 molecules of CO2:
Again, following the same steps, we find that the number of O atoms is 0.0369 moles.
d. K^+ ions in 5.324 *10^16 formula units of KNO2:
Here, we need to consider the formula KNO2. From the formula, we can see that each formula unit contains 1 K^+ ion.
Number of moles = 5.324 * 10^16 formula units / 6.022 x 10^23 = 8.84 x 10^-8 moles
e. Cl^- ions in 1.000 x 10^14 formula units of MgCl2:
Here, we have the formula MgCl2, which tells us that each formula unit contains 2 Cl^- ions.
Number of moles = 1.000 x 10^14 formula units / 6.022 x 10^23 = 1.66 x 10^-11 moles
Number of Cl^- ions = 1.66 x 10^-11 moles * 2 = 3.32 x 10^-11 moles
f. N atoms in 2.000 x 10^14 formula units of Ca(NO3)2:
From the formula Ca(NO3)2, we can see that each formula unit contains 2 N atoms.
Number of moles = 2.000 x 10^14 formula units / 6.022 x 10^23 = 3.32 x 10^-9 moles
Number of N atoms = 3.32 x 10^-9 moles * 2 = 6.64 x 10^-9 moles
g. O atoms in 4.999 x 10^25 formula units of Mg3(PO4)2:
Here, we have the formula Mg3(PO4)2. The coefficients tell us that each formula unit contains 2 phosphate (PO4) ions, and each PO4 ion contains 4 O atoms.
Number of moles = 4.999 x 10^25 formula units / 6.022 x 10^23 = 8.30 moles
Number of O atoms = 8.30 moles * 2 * 4 = 66.4 moles
Therefore, the number of moles for each specified atom or ion in the given samples of the compounds is as follows:
a. O atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2: 0.0105 moles
b. C atom in 3.161x10^21 molecules of CO2: 0.00524 moles
c. O atom in 2.2222x10^24 molecules of CO2: 0.0369 moles
d. K^+ ions in 5.324 *10^16 formula units of KNO2: 8.84 x 10^-8 moles
e. Cl^- ions in 1.000 x 10^14 formula units of MgCl2: 3.32 x 10^-11 moles
f. N atoms in 2.000 x 10^14 formula units of Ca(NO3)2: 6.64 x 10^-9 moles
g. O atoms in 4.999 x 10^25 formula units of Mg3(PO4)2: 66.4 moles