Assign oxidation numbers to each atom in the following compounds: HI, PBr3, GeS2, KH, As2O5, H3PO4 (the numbers should be subscripts)
The answer will be a number for each atom with an associated sign. SO +1, -2 etc.
assistance needed
but like i don't understand what the answer is supposed to look like for these problems
and yeah its 10th grade chemistry
To assign oxidation numbers to each atom in a compound, we need to follow a set of rules:
1. The oxidation number of an atom in its elemental form is always zero. This means that the oxidation number of H2, the molecular form of hydrogen, is zero.
2. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral compound is always zero.
3. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.
Now let's assign oxidation numbers to each atom in the given compounds:
1. HI (Hydrogen Iodide):
- Hydrogen is in Group 1, which means its oxidation number is +1.
- Since HI is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Iodine (I), therefore, has an oxidation number of -1.
The oxidation numbers for HI are: H = +1, I = -1.
2. PBr3 (Phosphorus Tribromide):
- Bromine (Br) is in Group 7, which means its oxidation number is -1.
- Since PBr3 is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Phosphorus (P), therefore, has an oxidation number of +3.
The oxidation numbers for PBr3 are: P = +3, Br = -1.
3. GeS2 (Germanium Disulfide):
- Sulfur (S) is in Group 6, which means its oxidation number is -2.
- Since GeS2 is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Germanium (Ge), therefore, has an oxidation number of +4.
The oxidation numbers for GeS2 are: Ge = +4, S = -2.
4. KH (Potassium Hydride):
- Hydrogen is in Group 1, which means its oxidation number is +1.
- Since KH is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Potassium (K), therefore, has an oxidation number of -1.
The oxidation numbers for KH are: K = +1, H = -1.
5. As2O5 (Diacetylperoxide):
- Oxygen (O) is typically assigned an oxidation number of -2.
- Since As2O5 is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Arsenic (As), therefore, has an oxidation number of +5.
The oxidation numbers for As2O5 are: As = +5, O = -2.
6. H3PO4 (Phosphoric Acid):
- Oxygen (O) is typically assigned an oxidation number of -2.
- Since H3PO4 is a neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers should be zero.
- Phosphorus (P), therefore, has an oxidation number of +5.
- Hydrogen (H) is typically assigned an oxidation number of +1.
The oxidation numbers for H3PO4 are: H = +1, P = +5, O = -2.
Do you have the seven rules?
I will go over one ..
H3PO4
Rule: H is +1
Rule: O is -2 except in peroxides.
Rule: The sum of the oxidation numbers in a compound is zero.
3+ P -8=0 which makes P + 5
Try some yourself, memorize the rules. We will check your work.