Before mutations can affect a population they must be:

a) permanent
b) beneficial
c) inheritable
d) all of the above

To My Knowledge You Have To Inherit The Mutation, So C.

They have to be passed on the the next generations.

So would the answer be A,B,C, or D?

To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the concept of mutations and their impact on a population. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism that occur randomly. They can be caused by various factors, such as environmental factors or errors in DNA replication.

Now, let's evaluate each option one by one:

a) Permanent: Mutations need to be permanent in order to have an effect on a population. Temporary changes do not alter the genetic information that is passed on to future generations. Therefore, for a mutation to affect a population, it must be a permanent change.

b) Beneficial: Mutations can be beneficial, detrimental, or have no significant effect on an organism's survival or reproductive success. Beneficial mutations provide a selective advantage to an organism, enhancing its chances of survival and reproduction. These mutations increase the likelihood of being passed on to future generations.

c) Inheritable: For a mutation to impact a population, it must be inheritable. This means that the mutation must be present in an organism's germline cells, such as sperm or eggs, so that it can be passed on to offspring. Mutations occurring in somatic cells, which are not involved in reproduction, do not affect the population.

Considering the explanations above, the correct answer is "d) all of the above." Mutations need to be permanent, beneficial, and inheritable to have an impact on a population.