what is the authors view of the intergrity and effectiveness of those involved in the republican governments in the Southern states? Is the view of the "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" positive, negative, or neutral?
It would help if we know the book and the author's name.
The words "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" have obvious negative connotations that date back to the reconstruction era when the terms were first used.
See http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&defl=en&q=define:scalawag&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title
The answers to that question is in the book Thinking through the Past volume 2 by John Hollitz chapter 1
To determine the author's view of the integrity and effectiveness of those involved in the Republican governments in the Southern states, as well as their view of the "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags," you would need to analyze the author's writing and gather relevant information. Here's how you could go about it:
1. Identify the author and the text: Start by identifying the author and the specific text or source you are analyzing. This could be a book, article, speech, or any written work where the author expresses their views.
2. Read the text critically: Read the text carefully and analyze the author's statements, arguments, and tone. Look for any direct or indirect remarks about the integrity and effectiveness of those involved in the Republican governments in the Southern states.
3. Look for specific opinions: Pay attention to any explicit statements or apparent biases. Note whether the author praises, criticizes, or takes a neutral stance regarding the individuals involved in the Republican governments.
4. Consider the treatment of "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags": Assess how the author portrays "carpetbaggers" (Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War) and "scalawags" (Southern whites who supported Reconstruction policies). Determine if the author's tone or commentary about these groups is positive, negative, or neutral.
5. Examine supporting evidence: Look for specific examples, anecdotes, or data that the author uses to support their viewpoint. These may provide insight into the author's overall perspective.
6. Consider historical context: It is crucial to examine the historical context in which the author wrote. Understanding the prevailing sentiments, political climate, and societal factors can help interpret the author's viewpoint accurately.
By following these steps and analyzing the author's writing within its context, you will be able to form a more informed understanding of the author's view of the integrity and effectiveness of those involved in the Republican governments in the Southern states, as well as their view of "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags."