Genetic engineering
a. Allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules
b. Relies of recombinant DNA technology
c. Is dependent on RNA enzymes
d.Relies completely on conjugation
e. a and b
Bacteria are often used with implanted fragments of DNA which will code for specific products, such as insulin.
As of this date recombinate DNA is the only practical way of making gene splices.
The correct answer is e. a and b
Genetic engineering is a field that involves manipulating the genes of organisms to achieve certain desired traits or outcomes. It has revolutionized various industries, including medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Let's break down each option to understand why the correct answer is a combination of options "a" and "b."
a. Allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules:
One of the significant applications of genetic engineering is to utilize bacteria as production factories. Through genetic engineering techniques, genes coding for specific desirable molecules can be inserted into bacteria. These bacteria can then be grown in large quantities and used to produce the desired molecules, such as proteins, enzymes, or pharmaceuticals. This process is known as recombinant protein production.
b. Relies on recombinant DNA technology:
Recombinant DNA technology is a fundamental concept in genetic engineering. It involves the combination of DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations. This technique allows scientists to insert specific genes into an organism's genome or manipulate existing genes, providing a way to enhance or modify traits in organisms. Recombinant DNA technology is the key strategy employed in genetic engineering.
c. Is dependent on RNA enzymes:
RNA enzymes, also known as ribozymes, are RNA molecules that can perform enzymatic functions. While ribozymes play a crucial role in various biological processes, they are not essential for genetic engineering. Genetic engineering primarily focuses on manipulating DNA, and although RNA molecules are involved in gene expression and regulation, they are not the core components of the process.
d. Relies completely on conjugation:
Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria. It involves the direct transfer of genetic material (usually plasmids) between two individuals, which may lead to the acquisition of new genes. While conjugation is one method of transferring genes between bacteria, genetic engineering encompasses various other techniques, including transformation (the direct uptake of foreign DNA by bacterial cells) and transfection (the introduction of foreign DNA into eukaryotic cells). Therefore, genetic engineering is not reliant solely on conjugation.
In summary, genetic engineering allows the use of bacteria as production factories, and it relies on recombinant DNA technology to achieve the desired modifications in organisms. Therefore, the correct answer is e. a and b.