20.When black gunpowder explodes, potassium nitrate, carbon, and sulfur react with each other to form nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and potassium sulfide. If thee original mixture contains 50.0 g of potassium nitrate, what is the total volume of the gases produced in the reaction (at STP)?
Write the balanced chemical reaction. Then look at the mole ratios of KNO3 and the products.
How do i do that?
You are given the reactants, and products. Balance that equation.
Is it...KNO3+C+S--> N+CO2+KS
It would be 4KNO3 + 3C + S2 yields 2N2 + 3CO2 + 2K2SO3
To find the total volume of the gases produced in the reaction at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), we first need to determine the number of moles of each gas produced. From the balanced chemical equation, we can determine the molar ratio of the reactants and products.
The balanced equation for the combustion of black gunpowder is:
2 KNO3 + 3 C + S → N2 + 3 CO2 + K2S
From the balanced equation, we can see that every 2 moles of KNO3 produces 1 mole of N2. This means that the number of moles of N2 produced will be half the number of moles of KNO3 used.
To find the number of moles of KNO3, we use the molar mass of KNO3:
Molar mass of KNO3 = (atomic mass of K) + (atomic mass of N) + (3 * atomic mass of O)
= (39.1 g/mol) + (14.0 g/mol) + (3 * 16.0 g/mol)
= 101.1 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the number of moles of KNO3:
Number of moles of KNO3 = Mass of KNO3 / Molar mass of KNO3
= 50.0 g / 101.1 g/mol
≈ 0.494 mol
Since the molar ratio between KNO3 and N2 is 2:1, the number of moles of N2 produced will be:
Number of moles of N2 = (1 / 2) * Number of moles of KNO3
≈ (1 / 2) * 0.494 mol
≈ 0.247 mol
Now that we have the number of moles of N2, we can use Avogadro's Law to calculate the volume at STP. According to Avogadro's Law, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters at STP. Therefore, the total volume of N2 gas produced will be:
Volume of N2 = Number of moles of N2 * 22.4 L/mol
= 0.247 mol * 22.4 L/mol
≈ 5.53 L
Hence, the total volume of the gases produced in the reaction at STP will be approximately 5.53 liters.