Given one of the starting materials and end product for each of the following reactions, show all reactants, reaction conditions in brackets (where known) and products.
fluoroethane from ethanol
To determine the reactants, reaction conditions, and products for the formation of fluoroethane (C2H5F) from ethanol (C2H5OH), we need to understand the reaction involved. In this case, the reaction is the substitution of a hydroxyl group (OH) in ethanol with a fluorine atom (F) to form fluoroethane.
The reaction is typically performed using a reagent called hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. The Lewis acid catalyst facilitates the reaction by coordinating with the hydroxyl group, making it more susceptible to substitution.
The reaction can be represented as follows:
C2H5OH + HF (in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst) → C2H5F + H2O
Reactants: Ethanol (C2H5OH), Hydrogen fluoride (HF)
Reaction conditions: Lewis acid catalyst (typically not explicitly given)
Products: Fluoroethane (C2H5F), Water (H2O)
Please note that the specific Lewis acid catalyst used may vary depending on the reaction conditions and the desired yield of fluoroethane.