Still, today’s conflict key parties are the Pakistani government and the Baluch people of Baluchistan. Pakistan is governed as an “ethnic nation” with dictatorial political structure (Jaffrelot 32). It remains firmly under the control of military government headed by General Pervez Musharraf a military bureaucrat that rules under Islamic principles (Grare 4). In 2002, Musharraf amended the Pakistani constitution without the participation of parliament. This Legal Framework Order (LFO) amendment further gave Musharraf complete control over parliament and which he used to change the electoral rules to disadvantage opposition parties (Freedom House). Thus, Mushrraf has only asserted the already centralized character of the constitution, making small provinces to feel alienated (Jaffrelot 51). In December 2005, after a rocket attack targeted president Musharraf, he refused to engage Baluchi groups politically and initiated counterinsurgency paramilitary operations, which has led to a humanitarian crisis (Freedom House). During the insurgency the army killed the 79-year-old Baluchi separatist leader Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti and a number of his followers Bugti’s death led to increased political instability and rioting, increasing the tensions among Baluchi’s (Freedom House).
