A spermatogonial cell undergoes mitosis before entering the meiotic cell cylce en route to the production of sperm. However during mitosis the cytoplasm fails to divide and only one daughter cell is produced. A resultant sperm eventually fertilizes a normal ovum. What is the chromosomal complement of the embryo?
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triploidy
To determine the chromosomal complement of the embryo, we need to consider the process of meiosis and fertilization.
During meiosis, a spermatogonial cell undergoes cell division to produce four haploid cells, known as spermatids, each containing half the number of chromosomes compared to the original cell. This process ensures that the gametes (sperm cells) will have the correct number of chromosomes for fertilization.
In humans, the chromosome number in a spermatogonial cell is 46, with 23 pairs of chromosomes. However, during meiosis, the chromosomes undergo recombination and segregation, resulting in the formation of four sperm cells with 23 individual chromosomes.
When fertilization occurs, a sperm cell fuses with an ovum (egg cell) to form a zygote. The ovum also has 23 individual chromosomes. The fusion of the sperm and ovum restores the diploid chromosome number, with each parent contributing 23 chromosomes, resulting in a total of 46 chromosomes.
Therefore, the chromosomal complement of the embryo would be 46, with 23 pairs of chromosomes, one set inherited from the mother and one set from the father.