Hexane is a hydrocarbon (a molecule containing only carbon and hydrogen) with a molecular weight of 86.18 g/mol,
a density of 0.660 g/mL, and a boiling point of 69C .
Pentanol is an alcohol (a hydrocarbon with a "OH" group attached to one of its carbons) with a molecular weight of
88.15 g/mol, a density of 0.814 g/mL, and a boiling point of 137C .
Calculate the volumes if 5.00 moles of each chemical is present.
Do you assume the volumes are additive? They are not necessarily additive but if you assume they are, then,
1 mol hexane has mass of 86.18 g and volume = mass/density = 86.18/0.660 = ??. That x 5 (for 5 mols) = volume of 5 mols hexane.
Same kind of calculation for pentanol, then add them together.
To calculate the volumes of hexane and pentanol if 5.00 moles of each chemical are present, we need to use their respective density values. The density equation can be rearranged to solve for volume.
Density (ρ) is defined as the mass of a substance per unit volume. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
ρ = mass / volume
To find the volume, we can rearrange the equation:
volume = mass / density
Let's calculate the volumes for each chemical:
For hexane:
Given:
Molecular weight = 86.18 g/mol
Density = 0.660 g/mL
First, convert moles to grams:
mass of hexane = 5.00 moles * 86.18 g/mol = 430.90 g
Next, calculate the volume using the density:
volume of hexane = 430.90 g / 0.660 g/mL
For pentanol:
Given:
Molecular weight = 88.15 g/mol
Density = 0.814 g/mL
Again, convert moles to grams:
mass of pentanol = 5.00 moles * 88.15 g/mol = 440.75 g
Calculate the volume:
volume of pentanol = 440.75 g / 0.814 g/mL
Now, substitute the given values and solve for volume for both hexane and pentanol.
volume of hexane = 430.90 g / 0.660 g/mL ≈ 653.79 mL ≈ 653.79 cm³
volume of pentanol = 440.75 g / 0.814 g/mL ≈ 541.21 mL ≈ 541.21 cm³
Therefore, the volume of 5.00 moles of hexane is approximately 653.79 mL (or cm³) and the volume of 5.00 moles of pentanol is approximately 541.21 mL (or cm³).