PART A

Look at t diagram below. Karl swings a 600-g bat toward the ball. Chris swings a 750-g bat toward the ball.

mass of bat: mass of bat:
600 g 750g
velocity of wings: velocity of swing:
20 m/sec 12 m/sec

Karl Chris

Use the data to compare the momentum of the two bats.

PART B

The same-size ball is pitched to Karl and Chris at the same speed. How can their bats change the direction, velocity,and acceleration of the ball? Which bat will have a greater effect on the ball? Use the concept of momentum in your answer.

PART A:

To compare the momentum of the two bats, we need to calculate the momentum of each bat using the formula:

Momentum = mass * velocity

For Karl's bat:
Momentum of Karl's bat = 600 g * 20 m/s

Since the mass of the bat is given in grams, we need to convert it to kilograms before calculating the momentum. 1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g). Therefore:

Momentum of Karl's bat = (600 g / 1000 g/kg) * 20 m/s

Momentum of Karl's bat = 0.6 kg * 20 m/s

For Chris' bat:
Momentum of Chris' bat = 750 g * 12 m/s

Converting grams to kilograms:

Momentum of Chris' bat = (750 g / 1000 g/kg) * 12 m/s

Momentum of Chris' bat = 0.75 kg * 12 m/s

Now we can compare the momentum of the two bats. It is clear that Chris' bat has a greater mass and a lower velocity than Karl's bat. To determine which bat has a greater momentum, we need to calculate the momentum values:

Momentum of Karl's bat = 0.6 kg * 20 m/s = 12 kg·m/s
Momentum of Chris' bat = 0.75 kg * 12 m/s = 9 kg·m/s

Therefore, Karl's bat has a greater momentum than Chris' bat.

PART B:

The direction, velocity, and acceleration of the ball can be influenced by the bats based on the principles of momentum.

1. Direction: When the ball collides with the bat, the bat can change the direction of the ball. This is because momentum is a vector quantity and any change in momentum requires a force acting on the ball. The force applied by the bat changes the velocity of the ball, causing it to move in a different direction.

2. Velocity: The bat can also change the velocity of the ball. When the ball collides with the bat, the bat transfers some of its momentum to the ball. If the bat has a higher velocity, it will transfer more momentum to the ball, increasing its velocity. Conversely, if the bat has a lower velocity, it will transfer less momentum to the ball, resulting in a lower velocity.

3. Acceleration: The bat can also affect the acceleration of the ball. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. If the bat transfers a large amount of momentum to the ball, the ball will experience a higher acceleration. On the other hand, if the bat transfers a smaller amount of momentum to the ball, the ball will experience a lower acceleration.

Based on the concept of momentum, the bat with a greater momentum will have a greater impact on the ball. In this case, Karl's bat has a greater momentum than Chris' bat, so Karl's bat will have a greater effect on the ball in terms of changing its direction, velocity, and acceleration.