Are trans-isomers more stable than cis-isomers? i.e. do they have a higher boiling point?
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/isomerism/geometric.html
Cis often higher bp, trans often have higher mp.
One would have to define stability before making any sweeping statements.
To determine whether trans-isomers are more stable than cis-isomers and if they have a higher boiling point, we need to consider the structural differences between the two isomers.
Trans-isomers have substituents on opposite sides of the molecule's double bond, whereas cis-isomers have substituents on the same side. The differing spatial arrangements of these substituents can affect the stability and boiling point of the compounds.
In general, trans-isomers tend to be more stable than cis-isomers due to the reduced steric hindrance between the substituents. The trans-configuration allows for a more extended and less crowded molecular structure, resulting in a lower energy state.
When it comes to boiling points, the stability of the isomer can influence the intermolecular forces between molecules. Trans-isomers typically have stronger intermolecular forces, such as dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding, compared to cis-isomers. These stronger intermolecular forces can lead to higher boiling points for trans-isomers.
However, it is important to note that the boiling point is also influenced by other factors, such as molecular weight, the presence of functional groups, and overall molecular shape. So, while trans-isomers generally tend to be more stable and have higher boiling points, it might not be true in all cases.