Suppose you have two products x and y. the actual production for a given period was 20 units of X and 250 of Y. What can you infer from this information.

The demand for Y is probably higher than the demand for X.

You can also generate many other mathematical models.

No

You cant infer anything about X and Y given that you only know the production levels. Now then, if you also knew, say, the prices of X and Y, or the costs of producing x and y, then you could say something.

To infer anything about the demand for X and Y, you would need additional information such as the prices, customer preferences, or market trends. The information provided only states the production levels of X and Y, which does not directly indicate demand. Without more context, it would be difficult to make any definitive conclusions about the demand for either product.