Homework Help: Science: Biology: Parts of Cells

Chloroplasts are only found in plant cells and certain types of algae. Their main role in those cells is to make energy out of sunlight.

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are located in the cell's nucleus. They contain DNA and are bound to proteins. They are like the blue prints of a cell and define what shape the cell will take.

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm is a fluid in a cell but outside the nucleus. It holds all of the organelles in place.

Cytoskeleton

The cytoskeleton are like the supporting pillars of a home. Although only in eukaryotic cells, they are a great help in supporting the framework of a cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Endoplasmic Reticulum are also important organelles of a cell. Each one is a network of membranes within the cell. Their role is to process and transport proteins along with other molecules.

Golgi Apparatus

A golgi apparatus has its own membrane. With the help of the endoplasmic reticulum, it processes and transports proteins and other macromolecules.

Lysosomes

Lysosomes are like the clean up crew of the cell. They are sac-like membranes and break down almost any unwanted substances in the cell. For example, if one of the mitochondria in the cell was not functioning correctly, the lysosomes would break it down to waste.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are many times known as the mighty mitochondria. Their name has to do with the fact that they use chemical fuel and oxygen to make energy.

Nucleus

The nucleus is the most important organelle of the cell. It is like the control center of the cell. Its main role is to help instruct the cell how to reproduce (cell division). It contains almost all of the cell's DNA which makes it vital for a cell's survival.

Organelles

Organelles, by definition, are all of the small structures that perform special functions within a cell. The nucleus, mitochondria, and vacuole are all examples of different organelles.

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are small particles in a cell. They are made up of RNA and protein. Their main role is to assemble and make proteins.

Vacuole

The vacuole has different functions depending on whether it's in an animal cell or a plant cell. In animal cells, the vacuole stores materials such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. In plants cells, it stores water and dissolved salts.

Homework Help: Science: Biology

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