Which of the following is true of grand juries and petit (or trial) juries?
1. Both are groups of people selected to hear the facts of a case.
2. Both are the same size, usually 12 people.
3. Both have the same function of deciding guilt or innocence.
4. Both are allowed to question witnesses.
1. Both are groups of people selected to hear the facts of a case.
Which of the following is not protected under the first amendment?
1. Freedom of Religion
2. Freedom against Searches and Seizures
3. The Right to Assemble
4. Criticizing your government
2. Freedom against Searches and Seizures.
The question is about the First Amendment, which covers freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, the right to assemble, and the right to petition the government. Freedom against searches and seizures is part of the Fourth Amendment.
When can a group of citizens be legally treated differently under the law?
1. When there is reasonable classification, like age requirements.
2. Never, it is not allowed under the 14th amendment
3. State governments have more flexibility, as they are separate from the constitution
4. It changes based on the severity of the crime
1. When there is reasonable classification, like age requirements.
This is based on the concept of equal protection under the law, which allows for reasonable distinctions to be made between different groups of people based on characteristics such as age, gender, or race as long as they serve a legitimate governmental interest.
The American media is effective at doing which of the following?
1. providing equal coverage of all issues
2. highlighting positive news stories
3. influencing the public agenda
3. Influencing the public agenda.
American media is an important tool that can impact society by selecting the stories they cover or not cover, giving certain stories more prominence over others, and establishing the terms of a public debate. By doing so, they can affect the public agenda, influencing public opinion and policy priorities.
The Founding Fathers felt the right to petition and assemble supported which of the following organizing principles of the Constitution?
1. federalism
2. separation of powers
3. popular sovereignty
4. judicial review
3. Popular sovereignty.
The right to petition and assemble is inherent in popular sovereignty, which means that the people have the ultimate power in a democracy. These rights allow citizens to have a say in how they are governed, by peacefully and publicly organizing to express their opinions, advocate for their interests or demand actions from their government.
Why was assimilation a challenge for Native Americans?
1. Native Americans were segregated to reservations.
2. Native Americans refused to engage with the U.S. government
3. Native Americans were relocated to internment camps.
4. Native American rights were restricted by Jim Crow laws.
1. Native Americans were segregated to reservations.
The process of assimilation was a challenge for Native Americans because of a long history of forced removal from their lands, discrimination, and marginalization. One of the most significant obstacles was the policy of segregation, which confined them to reservations, separated families, and eroded their traditional ways of life, language, religion, and culture. This policy prevented full and equal participation in American society and limited the opportunities for assimilation.
Affirmative action is a policy designed to do...
1. distribute reparations to victims of discrimination
2. increase diversity in education and employment
3. punish those who discriminate
2. Increase diversity in education and employment.
Affirmative action is a policy designed to promote diversity and equal opportunities by providing preferential treatment in education, employment, or government contracts to historically disadvantaged groups such as racial minorities, women, and people with disabilities. The idea behind affirmative action is to level the playing field for groups that have historically faced discrimination and bias in society and to allow for greater representation and inclusivity in various aspects of American life.
Which of the following did the Founding Fathers see as a benefit of the federal structure (federalism) of government?
1. All the power is concentrated in the national government.
2. The power is divided between national and state governments.
3. All the power is concentrated in the state and local governments.
4. The power is divided between the people and the government.
2. The power is divided between national and state governments.
The Founding Fathers saw federalism as a way to balance power between the national and state governments, and to prevent any single entity from becoming too powerful. By dividing power, they hoped to create a system that was both responsive to the needs of the people, while also providing a check on abuses of power from any one branch or level of government. This balance of power has been a defining feature of American government since its inception and has been critical to the nation's success in maintaining its democratic principles.
Which two principles are the foundation of every state’s constitution?
1. powers and process
2. structure and civil rights
3. popular sovereignty and limited government
4. fundamental law and civil rights
3. Popular sovereignty and limited government.
Popular sovereignty means that the people, as a whole, hold supreme power in the government, while limited government ensures that the government's power is restricted by law. These two principles are the foundation of every state's constitution as they establish the basis for the distribution and scope of power, the rights and responsibilities of each branch, and the relationship between the state and its citizens.
Which of these actions would be an unconstitutional violation of rights?
1. The police arrest a group of civil rights activists who have committed an act of civil disobedience.
2. The local authorities refuse to issue a parade permit to a group who wants to march past a school during school hours.
3. The police arrest a man for giving a speech that urges the violent overthrow of the government.
4. The authorities refuse to give a demonstration permit to a group that wants to hold a rally promoting racist beliefs.
3. The police arrest a man for giving a speech that urges the violent overthrow of the government.
The Constitution of the United States protects the right to free speech, but it does not protect speech that incites violence or illegal activity. Therefore, a person can be arrested or punished for making statements that are considered direct threats or that advocate for actions that are illegal and endanger the public safety. The other options listed may involve restrictions on the exercise of free speech but may be justified under certain conditions and regulations such as ensuring the safety of others or promoting peaceful protests.
Which of the following are contributing factors to de facto segregation in America today?
1. judicial rulings and political parties
2. executive action and interest groups
3. state legislation and public opinion
4. housing patterns and economic opportunity