Which of the following water filtration methods requires the use of a membrane or filter?
distillation
distillation
reverse osmosis
reverse osmosis
chlorination
chlorination
ultraviolet radiation
ultraviolet radiation
Which of the following occurred because of Flint's water crisis? Select the two correct answers.(1 point)
Responses
General Motors stopped using Flint's water due to corrosion of their machinery.
General Motors stopped using Flint's water due to corrosion of their machinery.
Dozens of people contracted a form of pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease.
Dozens of people contracted a form of pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease.
Rates of cancer skyrocketed among adults in Flint.
Rates of cancer skyrocketed among adults in Flint.
City and state officials immediately alerted residents of widespread danger.
General Motors stopped using Flint's water due to corrosion of their machinery, and dozens of people contracted a form of pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease.
Compared to conventional farming, which of the following are benefits of an aquaponics system and which are drawbacks? Drag each item to the correct category.
initial setup cost
productivity per square foor
potential failure points
total water usage
Benefits:
- Productivity per square foot
- Total water usage
Drawbacks:
- Initial setup cost
- Potential failure points
The Clean Water Act funded the creation of which of the following?(1 point)
Responses
sewage treatment plants
sewage treatment plants
Superfund sites
Superfund sites
groundwater remediation plans
groundwater remediation plans
aquatic water preserves
aquatic water preserves
sewage treatment plants
Which of the following courses should a student take in order to become a hydrologist? Choose the two best answers.(1 point)
Responses
statistics
statistics
life science
life science
coding
coding
physical science
physical science
philosophy
statistics and physical science
What is graywater?(1 point)
Responses
wastewater generated from outdoor household usage
wastewater generated from outdoor household usage
wastewater generated from all indoor household usage
wastewater generated from all indoor household usage
household wastewater except for the wastewater from toilets
household wastewater except for the wastewater from toilets
household wastewater that does not contain surfactants
household wastewater except for the wastewater from toilets
Which of the following supports the idea that aquaponics helps reduce the impact of human activities on the environment?(1 point)
Responses
Only certain types of fish can be used in aquaponics.
Only certain types of fish can be used in aquaponics.
The installation and maintenance of equipment requires an investment of money.
The installation and maintenance of equipment requires an investment of money.
Reuse of fish waste reduces the use of fertilizers.
Reuse of fish waste reduces the use of fertilizers.
Aquaponics systems use a great deal of water.
Reuse of fish waste reduces the use of fertilizers.
Which data help hydrologists predict floods? Select the two correct answers.(1 point)
Responses
dissolved oxygen
dissolved oxygen
impermeable land area
impermeable land area
nitrate levels
nitrate levels
snowpack
snowpack
water temperature
impermeable land area and snowpack
What caused the change in water quality in Flint, Michigan?(1 point)
Responses
The city was taken off the Detroit water system to save money.
The city was taken off the Detroit water system to save money.
City officials decided to stop fully treating the water to save money.
City officials decided to stop fully treating the water to save money.
The Flint River became contaminated which caused lead to get into the water.
The Flint River became contaminated which caused lead to get into the water.
City officials ignored the Clean Water Act and allowed wastewater to be dumped into the river.
City officials ignored the Clean Water Act and allowed wastewater to be dumped into the river.
The Flint River became contaminated which caused lead to get into the water.
Match each item with the clean water regulation it describes.
regulates pollutants discharged into surfafce waters
convers both surface and ground waters
authorizes the EPA to establish minimum standards for tap water
funds sewage treatment plants
- Regulates pollutants discharged into surface waters: Clean Water Act
- Covers both surface and ground waters: Safe Drinking Water Act
- Authorizes the EPA to establish minimum standards for tap water: Safe Drinking Water Act
- Funds sewage treatment plants: Clean Water Act
raising livestock and burning trash are two examples of human activities that have an impact on water resources. Select one and construct an argument about whether its effect on water resources is positive or negative. Support your answer with evidence and reasoning.
Burning trash is a human activity that has a significant negative impact on water resources. This activity causes air pollution and releases large quantities of toxic chemicals such as mercury, lead and dioxins into the atmosphere. When these toxins are deposited on the ground, they can leach into the soil and eventually contaminate groundwater and surface water. This has serious consequences for aquatic life, as well as humans who rely on water for drinking, cooking, and bathing. Additionally, toxins in the water can lead to long-term health issues such as cancer and other chronic illnesses.
Furthermore, burning trash also contributes to the issue of acid rain, which can have bleaching effects on lakes and streams, making it inhabitable for fish and other aquatic species. The presence of acid rain also creates an imbalance in the pH levels of the streams and affects processes such as photosynthesis and respiration in the aquatic ecosystem.
Therefore, it is clear that burning trash has a significant and negative impact on our water resources. Instead of burning trash, alternative methods such as recycling, or burying it in landfills, which have less severe impacts on water resources should be employed.
Sara is working on making her house more eco-friendly. She has a number of upgrades she wants to make such as replacing her toilet that uses 5 gallons per flush with a new toilet that uses 1.2 gallons per flush. She also wants to replace a leaky faucet in her kitchen. Finally, she would like to replace her old washing machine that uses 35 gallons of water per load with a new high-efficiency model that only uses 10 gallons per load.
Which item should Sara replace first and why? Support your answer with evidence and reasoning.
Sara should replace the leaky faucet in her kitchen first because even a small and constant leak can make a significant impact on her water usage over time. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a faucet that drips just once per second wastes around 3,000 gallons of water each year. This can increase a household's water bill by around 10%, which means that fixing the leaky faucet can save money while reducing water usage.
After fixing the leaky faucet, Sara should then consider upgrading her toilet. Toilets account for a significant percentage of indoor water usage, and switching to a low-flow toilet can reduce household water usage by 20-60%. The EPA estimates that swapping a toilet that uses 5 gallons per flush with a new high-efficiency model that uses 1.28 gallons per flush can save approximately 16,500 gallons of water each year. Therefore, replacing the old toilet with a low-flow option is an effective way of reducing household water usage and saving money.
Finally, replacing the old washing machine with a new high-efficiency model that uses less water per load is a good idea to conserve water. However, given that washing machines typically consume less water than toilets and faucets, switching to an efficient washing machine should be the last item on Sara's to-do list.
In conclusion, Sara should prioritize fixing her leaky faucet, then replace her toilet and finally upgrade her washing machine if she wants to make her house more eco-friendly and save water.