What archaeological evidence taught scholars about the culture of Mississippians?
A. Housing complexes built into the sides of cliffs.
B. Kayaks designed to hunt animals over long distances.
C. Large earthen mounds built for religious purposes.
D. Totem poles decorated with animal symbols.
C. Large earthen mounds built for religious purposes.
Archaeological evidence has shown that the Mississippians, who lived in the southeastern United States from approximately 800 CE to 1600 CE, built large earthen mounds for religious and ceremonial purposes. These mounds were often used as platforms for temples or other important buildings, and they were sometimes used as burial sites for important members of the community. The mounds also served as markers of social and political power, and they were often decorated with elaborate carvings and other artwork.
How does Canada's climate affect where its people live?
A.
Most Canadians live in the southern part of the country, where temperatures are milder.
B.
Most Canadians live near the United States border, where rainfall allows farming.
C.
Canadians prefer regions with colder climates, where winter sports such as hockey can be played outdoors.
D.
Most Canadians live along the coasts, where abundant rainfall allows farming.
A. Most Canadians live in the southern part of the country, where temperatures are milder.
Canada's climate is generally known for being cold and having long winters, however, the majority of Canadians live in the southern part of the country where temperatures are milder and more hospitable for human habitation. The southern part of Canada experiences a humid continental climate, characterized by warm summers and cold winters with snow. Areas in the far north, on the other hand, are very cold, with some areas remaining frozen for most of the year. However, there are some communities in the far north that are still inhabited, such as Inuit communities, due to their adapted lifestyle and resources.
Study the map.
A map of the North American continent contains arrows that show two possible migration routes of early humans to North America. The first arrow starts in Asia and moves over land into Alaska and Northern Canada, spreads throughout the United States, and into Mexico and South America. The second arrow starts in the islands of the Bering Sea and follows the coasts of Alaska, Canada, and the mainland of the United States, down along the coasts of Mexico and Central and South America.
According to the map, how did people first arrive in North America?
A.
They sailed across the Pacific Ocean.
B.
They sailed across the Arctic Ocean.
C.
They migrated by land and sea from South America to North America.
D.
They walked or paddled along the shoreline from Asia to North America.
D. They walked or paddled along the shoreline from Asia to North America.
According to the map, the two possible migration routes of early humans to North America involved traveling over land and sea from Asia to North America, either by walking across the Bering land bridge or paddling along the coastline between Asia and North America. Therefore, the answer is option D: They walked or paddled along the shoreline from Asia to North America.
Read the quote.
I am Dekanawidah [identified as the traditional founder of the Iroquois Confederacy] and with the Five Nations confederate [united for a common purpose] lords I plant the Tree of the Great Peace. . . . Under the shade of this Tree of the Great Peace we spread the soft white feathery down of the globe thistle as seats for you Adodarhoh [an Onondaga chief], and your cousin lords. . . . There shall you sit and watch the council fire of the confederacy of the Five Nations, and all the affairs of the Five Nations shall be transacted at this place before you. . . .
We place at the top of the Tree of the Long Leaves an eagle who is able to see afar. If he sees in the distance any evil approaching or any danger threatening he will at once warn the people of the confederacy. The smoke of the confederate council fire shall ever ascend and pierce the sky so that other nations who may be allies may see the council fire of the Great Peace . . .
—Iroquois Constitution
Based on this excerpt, what was the purpose of the Iroquois League?
A.
to maintain an ever-burning fire as a symbol of unity
B.
to work together and defend each other to keep peace
C.
to establish laws that all American Indian nations were to follow
D.
to provide comfort and care for visiting tribal leaders
B. To work together and defend each other to keep peace.
The excerpt from the Iroquois Constitution describes the planting of the Tree of Great Peace, which symbolizes the unity and cooperation of the Five Nations Confederacy, and the creation of an effective system of governance for the confederacy. The purpose of the Iroquois League was to work together and defend each other to keep peace, by creating a council fire that would be used to discuss the affairs of the confederacy and to provide a means for the eagle on top of the tree of long leaves to warn the people of the confederacy in case of danger. Therefore, the answer is option B: to work together and defend each other to keep peace.
What generalization can be made by comparing the lifestyle of the Inuit of the Arctic to the lifestyle of the Natchez in the Southeast?
A.
The two societies were similar in organization and way of life.
B.
Contrasting environments greatly influenced their ways of life.
C.
Differences in government led to differences in culture.
D.
One group adapted better to their environment than the other.
B. Contrasting environments greatly influenced their ways of life.
The Inuit of the Arctic and the Natchez of the Southeast lived in very different environments with distinct climates, natural resources, and ecosystems, which significantly influenced their ways of life. The Inuit were adaptive hunters and gatherers who relied on hunting marine mammals and fishing due to their Arctic environment while the Natchez were agricultural communities who primarily relied on maize, beans, and squash for their food production. The differences in their environments and their responses to those differences made their cultures and ways of life fundamentally different from each other. Therefore, the generalization that can be made by comparing the lifestyle of the Inuit of the Arctic to the lifestyle of the Natchez of the Southeast is that contrasting environments greatly influenced their ways of life.
Study the image.
An image of American Indians, Spanish priests, and Spanish settlers is shown. The Spanish priests are in the middle of the picture with a church in the background. American Indians are kneeling in prayer to the left of the priests. Spanish colonists are kneeling in prayer to the right of the priests.
What generalization about the experiences of American Indians on Spanish missions does this image best support?
A.
American Indians were forced to endure long hours of hard manual labor.
B.
American Indians were treated cruelly by the Spanish missionaries.
C.
American Indians often died from diseases that had been brought from Europe.
D.
American Indians were expected to convert to Christianity.
D. American Indians were expected to convert to Christianity.
The image shows American Indians kneeling in prayer beside Spanish priests, which suggests that the American Indians were exposed to Christian teachings and may have been expected to convert to Christianity. The presence of the Spanish colonists who are also kneeling, further implies that the missionaries were successful in convincing some American Indians to adopt Christianity. Therefore, the generalization that this image best supports is that American Indians were expected to convert to Christianity.
Why has the Colorado River become an environmental issue?
A.
Frequent flooding threatens endangered habitats in the Rocky Mountains.
B.
Oil spills have polluted the river and threatened many species.
C.
Irrigation has severely reduced the flow of water.
D.
River levels are rising rapidly as a result of climate chan
C. Irrigation has severely reduced the flow of water.
The Colorado River has become an environmental issue due to irrigation practices that have severely reduced the flow of water. The river is a major source of water for irrigation in the western United States, which has led to numerous environmental concerns. These include reduced water levels in the river, threats to riparian habitats and wetlands, and the loss of habitat for fish and other aquatic species. As the demand for water continues to increase in the region, conflicts between various users of the river, including farmers, recreational users, and environmentalists, have also emerged. Therefore, the answer is C: Irrigation has severely reduced the flow of water.
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.
During the 1800s, the main reason Americans wanted to expand territorial control outside the United States was to
Choose...
escape religious persecution.
gain natural resources.
spread democracy.
build overseas settlements.
Gain natural resources.
During the 1800s, the main reason Americans wanted to expand territorial control outside the United States was to gain access to new natural resources such as land and minerals, to support the rapid growth of the US economy and maintain its competitiveness in the global market. The acquisition of new territories like Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Alaska, were strategic moves aimed at securing new sources of trade and revenue, as well as providing new territories for agricultural and industrial development. Therefore, the answer is B: Gain natural resources.
Which of the following best describes the effect globalization has had on some American and Canadian workers?
A.
Many have had emigrate to follow jobs that were moved overseas.
B.
Many are employed by foreign companies manufacturing in North America.
C.
Many must pay higher prices charged for imported goods.
D.
Many have lost jobs because companies offshored their production.
D. Many have lost jobs because companies offshored their production.
Globalization has led to increased competition and changes in the global economy, which have led to changes within the American and Canadian job markets. Many American and Canadian workers have been negatively affected by globalization, as companies have moved their operations to countries where labor is cheaper, leading to significant job losses in the US and Canada. As a consequence, many workers in these countries have lost their jobs as the companies they worked for relocated their operations overseas. Therefore, the answer is D: Many have lost jobs because companies offshored their production.
Which of the following American Indian culture groups was most likely to use canoes?
A.
Northwestern peoples
B.
Southwestern peoples
C.
Great Plains peoples
D.
Puebloan peoples
A. Northwestern peoples.
Northwestern American Indian culture groups, including the coastal tribes of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, relied heavily on the use of canoes to navigate the region's waterways, fisheries, and ocean trade routes. The unique geography of the region, with its numerous waterways, bays, and inlets, required that these tribes develop watercraft capable of carrying both people and goods over long distances. As a result, the Northwestern peoples specialized in the construction and use of a variety of canoe types, including dugout canoes, bark canoes, and plank canoes, which were used for everything from hunting and fishing to intertribal trade and transportation. Consequently, the answer is A: Northwestern peoples.
Which statement accurately describes the Mississippian people and the Ancestral Puebloans?
A.
The Mississippian people lived in a region with a wet climate, whereas the Ancestral Puebloans lived in a dry climate.
B.
The Mississippian people lived in small communities, whereas the Ancestral Puebloans lived in large communities.
C.
Religion was not a major part of life for the Mississippian people, whereas religion was a major part of life for the Ancestral Puebloans.
D.
Drought contributed to the Mississippians moving closer to rivers, whereas drought contributed to violence among the Ancestral Puebloans.
A. The Mississippian people lived in a region with a wet climate, whereas the Ancestral Puebloans lived in a dry climate.
The Mississippian people lived in a region with a wet climate, characterized by a large river system, while the Ancestral Puebloans lived in a region with dry and arid climate, characterized by mesas, canyons, and cliffs. Therefore their environments and ecosystems were different, which greatly influenced their ways of life and cultural practices. The Mississippians depended heavily on agriculture, hunting, and gathering, and used their fertile land to produce crops such as maize, beans, and squash which enabled the growth of larger communities centered on cities of temple mounds. The Ancestral Puebloans, on the other hand, relied heavily on trade and a variety of agricultural techniques such as terracing, irrigation, and dry farming to grow their crops in an arid region. Therefore, the only statement that accurately describes the Mississippian people and the Ancestral Puebloans is A: The Mississippian people lived in a region with a wet climate, whereas the Ancestral Puebloans lived in a dry climate.
Which of the following events affected both the United States and Canada? Select the two correct answers.
A.
the Great Depression
B.
the War of 1812
C.
the Civil War
D.
the Ratification of the United States Constitution
E.
the passage of the Quebec Act
A. The Great Depression and B. The War of 1812.
The Great Depression and the War of 1812 affected both Canada and the United States. The War of 1812 was fought between the US and Great Britain. Canada was a British colony during that time and, consequently, some battles were fought on Canadian soil (e.g. the Battle of Toronto, the Battle of Niagara). The war's eventual resolution solidified the border between the US and Canada. The Great Depression, on the other hand, affected the US and Canada in similar ways but to varying degrees, since both countries' economies were interconnected and dependent on trade. The two countries pursued different solutions at the time due to the different political ideologies of their leaders. Therefore, the two correct answers are A: the Great Depression and B: the War of 1812.
For each of the following statements, identify the nation that took this path to independence.
The Declaration of Independence was signed in
Choose...
.
The Statue of Westminster granted independence to
Choose...
.
The Act of Union created a united government for
Choose...
.
The Continental Congress met to discuss
Choose...
opposition to the British.
The Declaration of Independence was signed in the United States.
The Statue of Westminster granted independence to Canada.
The Act of Union created a united government for Canada.
The Continental Congress met to discuss opposition to the British. This question does not specify which nation is being referred to. The Continental Congress could refer to either the United States or Canada. However, given the phrasing "opposition to the British," it is more likely that this question refers to the United States.
Drag and drop the sentences into the correct boxes.
A person moves from Canada to the United States to attend college.
A person moves from Southern Canada to Northern Canada for a job.
A person moves from England to Canada to get married.
A person moves from Ontario to Quebec to start a business.
Interior Migration
Immigration
A person moves from Canada to the United States to attend college. - Immigration
A person moves from Southern Canada to Northern Canada for a job. - Interior Migration
A person moves from England to Canada to get married. - Immigration
A person moves from Ontario to Quebec to start a business. - Interior Migration
True or False
The most common type of jobs in both the United States and Canada are in
service industries.
True.
The service industry is the most common type of job in both the United States and Canada. In fact, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the service-providing sector, which includes industries such as education, healthcare, finance, retail, and hospitality, accounted for approximately 80% of total non-farming jobs in the US in 2020. Similarly, according to Statistics Canada, the service sector accounts for approximately 70% of Canada’s GDP and provides roughly three-quarters of total employment in the country. Therefore, the statement is true.
For each of the following statements about North American colonies, identify the corresponding European country.
Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec.
Choose...
Settlers establish the colony of Jamestown.
Choose...
Pilgrims establish Massachusetts.
Choose...
The first European settlement is built in Florida.
Choose...
Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec. - France
Settlers establish the colony of Jamestown. - England
Pilgrims establish Massachusetts. - England
The first European settlement is built in Florida. - Spain
Which of the following accurately describes the impact the triangular trade had on Africans?
A.
Africans were brought to the British colonies as slaves in large numbers.
B.
The British government abolished slavery in their Canadian colonies.
C.
West African nations forbade the British entering their land because of their attempts to gain natural resources.
D.
The British governments used Africans as sailors because of their navigational expertise.
A. Africans were brought to the British colonies as slaves in large numbers.
The triangular trade refers to the trade system that evolved between Europe, Africa, and the Americas in the 16th to the 19th century. It involved the exchange of goods and people in a triangular pattern, with European countries exchanging manufactured goods for African slaves, who were transported to the Americas and sold for profit. The impact of this trade system on Africans was particularly severe, as large numbers of Africans were captured, enslaved, and shipped to the Americas to work on plantations. These slaves faced brutal living and working conditions, often inhumane treatment, and the loss of their cultural heritage and freedom. Therefore, the answer is A: Africans were brought to the British colonies as slaves in large numbers.
Which of the following best illustrates Canada's recent immigration policies?
A.
Canada has admitted the highest number of immigrants to their country.
B.
Canada has passed the strictest immigration policies in their history.
C.
Canada has increased the number of years before an immigrant can become a citizen.
D.
Canada has eliminated all immigration laws.
A. Canada has admitted the highest number of immigrants to their country.
Canada has generally been welcoming to immigrants and is known for its liberal immigration policies. Over the past decade, Canada has admitted the highest number of immigrants to their country among developed countries and has implemented policies that prioritize families, refugees, skilled workers, and international students. Canada has also been working to speed up the immigration