1. a) using heat exchange and conservation of thermal energy determine the specific latent heat of fusion for ice.

b) determine the percentage error
The data we determined was:

Hot water: mass - 0.1kg initial temp-87C final temp - 56 C

Melted ice: mass - 0.024 kg Initial temp - 0 final temp - 32C

And then ice was the same as melted ice except the final temp was 0C.

So I don't really understand how to do a, and then for b I understand that it would be mv-av/av×100%

I know that there's different stages in the heating of ice and it would go q2=mct q3=mct, etc. But I just don't really get why or how to do it.

thank you so much for your help

Find the amount of heat required to convert 2 kg of ice at -10°C into steam at 100°C.

Given specific heat capacity of ice is 0.5 cal/g °C, specific heat capacity of water is 1 cal/g °C,
latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g & latent heat of vaporization of water is 540 cal/g

To determine the specific latent heat of fusion for ice using heat exchange and conservation of thermal energy, you need to consider the different stages involved in the heating of ice.

a) Calculation of Specific Latent Heat of Fusion for Ice:

1. The first stage is heating the water to its final temperature. To calculate the heat energy gained by the water, you can use the equation: q1 = mcΔT, where q1 is the heat energy, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Given:
- Mass of hot water (m1) = 0.1 kg
- Initial temperature of hot water (T1) = 87°C
- Final temperature of hot water (T2) = 56°C

Using the specific heat capacity of water (c = 4186 J/kg°C), you can calculate the heat energy gained by the water as: q1 = m1c(T2 - T1).

2. The second stage is melting the ice. To calculate the heat energy required to melt the ice, you can use the equation: q2 = ml, where q2 is the heat energy, m is the mass of the ice, and l is the specific latent heat of fusion for ice.

Given:
- Mass of melted ice (m2) = 0.024 kg

Using the calculated heat energy gained by the water (q1) from the previous step, you can equate it to the heat energy required to melt the ice: q1 = q2. Therefore, m1c(T2 - T1) = m2l.

Rearranging the equation, you can determine the specific latent heat of fusion for ice (l): l = (m1c(T2 - T1)) / m2.

b) Calculation of Percentage Error:

To determine the percentage error, you need to compare your calculated value with the accepted/reference value and express the difference as a percentage.

Assuming you have an accepted/reference value for the specific latent heat of fusion for ice, i.e., l_accept, you can calculate the percentage error as follows:

Percentage error = (|l - l_accept| / l_accept) * 100%.

Substitute your calculated value for specific latent heat of fusion (l) into the formula and compare it with the accepted/reference value to find the percentage error.

Make sure to use consistent units throughout the calculations (such as kelvin or Celsius for temperature and joules for energy).