Rank from longest to shortest bond length:
Si-O, Si-H, Si-S
Follow the size of the anion.
Si-S
Si-O
Si-H
To rank the bond lengths from longest to shortest, we need to consider the trends in bond lengths based on the elements involved. Typically, the bond length increases as we move down a group in the periodic table and decreases as we move across a period. With this in mind, let's rank the bond lengths from longest to shortest:
1. Si-S: The bond length between silicon (Si) and sulfur (S) is the longest among the given options. This is because sulfur is located below silicon in the same group (Group 16 or Group 6), so the bond length tends to increase as we move down the group.
2. Si-H: The bond length between silicon (Si) and hydrogen (H) is shorter compared to the Si-S bond. Hydrogen is located above silicon in the periodic table (Group 1 or Group 1), and bond lengths generally decrease as we move across a period.
3. Si-O: The bond length between silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) is the shortest among the given options. Oxygen is located to the right of silicon (Group 16 or Group 6), so the bond length tends to decrease as we move across a period.
Therefore, the ranking from longest to shortest bond length is: Si-S > Si-H > Si-O.
To rank the given bond lengths from longest to shortest (Si-O, Si-H, Si-S), we need to consider the nature of the elements involved and their positions in the periodic table.
The bond length generally decreases as we move across a period from left to right. This is because the effective nuclear charge increases, resulting in stronger attraction between the atoms and a shorter bond length.
Now let's analyze the given options:
1. Si-O (Silicon-Oxygen): Silicon and Oxygen have a significant electronegativity difference, resulting in a polar covalent bond. The difference in electronegativity and their positions in the periodic table suggests that the Si-O bond will have a moderate bond length.
2. Si-H (Silicon-Hydrogen): Silicon and Hydrogen have a relatively smaller electronegativity difference compared to Si-O, and they both belong to the same period. As mentioned earlier, bonding distance generally decreases across a period. Hence, the Si-H bond is expected to be shorter than the Si-O bond.
3. Si-S (Silicon-Sulfur): Silicon and Sulfur are both in the same group on the periodic table, but they are not in the same period. In this case, we need to take into account the size of the atoms involved. Since Sulfur is larger in size than Oxygen, the Si-S bond is anticipated to be longer than the Si-O bond.
Based on this analysis, we can rank the bond lengths from longest to shortest as follows:
Si-S > Si-O > Si-H
So, Si-S has the longest bond length, followed by Si-O, and then Si-H.