1. I heard the weather is usually windy and foggy on Dokdo.
2. I heard that he is very kind.
2-2. I heard that he was very kind.
(What is the difference between them in meaning? Are both okay? Which one is commonly used?)
3. I heard that two times five is ten.
4. I heard that the earth is round.
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Are they all grammatical? The tense is different in the main clause and the subordinate clause.
1. OK
2 and 2-2. OK
(2-2 implies that "he" is no longer alive.)
3 and 4. OK, even with the tense differences.
1. To verify if the weather is usually windy and foggy on Dokdo, you can access various sources of weather information. You can start by checking weather websites, such as the local meteorological agency's website, which usually provides detailed weather forecasts and historical data for specific regions. Additionally, you can look for reports or articles that discuss the weather conditions on Dokdo. These sources can provide you with accurate and reliable information about the typical weather patterns on the island.
2. Both sentences are grammatically correct, and the meaning depends on the context.
- "I heard that he is very kind" suggests that the person is currently known for their kindness. It implies that the information is still relevant and applicable to the present.
- "I heard that he was very kind" implies that the person had a reputation for being kind in the past, but it doesn't necessarily state if this is still true in the present. It could imply that the person might have changed or that the information might be outdated.
The choice between using the present tense ("is") and past tense ("was") depends on the temporal context and the speaker's intention. If you want to emphasize the person's characteristics in the present, use the present tense. If the information is about the past, use the past tense. The commonly used form depends on the specific situation and what the speaker wants to convey.
3. "I heard that two times five is ten" is grammatical and correct. It states that someone has provided information indicating that the result of multiplying two by five is ten. This statement is accurate since the mathematical equation 2 x 5 = 10 is true.
4. "I heard that the earth is round" is also grammatically correct. It indicates that the speaker has received information suggesting that the Earth has a spherical shape. This statement aligns with scientific consensus and is widely accepted as true.
In all the sentences you provided, the tense difference between the main clause and the subordinate clause is indeed present, but it does not affect the grammaticality of the sentences. It is common to employ different tenses in main and subordinate clauses to express different temporal contexts or convey specific meanings.