A 40 tonne jumbo jet accelerates down the runway at 5 m/s^2. What must be the thrust on each of its four engines? What is the horizontal force that a 700 N pilot exerts on his seat?

To calculate the thrust on each of the jumbo jet's four engines, we need to use Newton's second law of motion, which states that force (F) is equal to mass (m) multiplied by acceleration (a), expressed as F = ma.

1. Start by converting the mass of the jumbo jet from tons to kilograms. Since 1 tonne is equal to 1000 kilograms, the mass of the jumbo jet is 40 tonnes * 1000 kg/tonne = 40,000 kg.

2. Multiply the mass of the jumbo jet by the acceleration down the runway to find the total force exerted by the engines. F = 40,000 kg * 5 m/s^2 = 200,000 N.

3. Since the jumbo jet has four engines, we need to divide the total force by 4 to determine the thrust on each engine. Therefore, each engine must exert 200,000 N / 4 = 50,000 N of thrust.

To calculate the horizontal force that a 700 N pilot exerts on their seat, we use the concept of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

4. As the pilot exerts a force of 700 N downward on the seat, the seat exerts an equal and opposite force upward on the pilot. Therefore, the horizontal force that the pilot exerts on the seat is also 700 N in magnitude.