The article is "Free the Elephants and Orcas in Captivity [Editorial]" by the Editors on a website called Scientific America.
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Summary: In the article "Free the Elephants and Orcas in Captivity [Editorial]" by the Editors, the author argues that because animals have emotions, intelligence and self-awareness, they are similar to humans and therefore should not be held in captivity.
The author uses the example of self-concept to support his argument because it shows that animals have cognitive abilities and are capable of forming thoughts and beliefs like humans can. He supports his argument further by using the example of martriline clans. This example shows that animals can interact, like people, in large communities that are akin to human nations. The author draws near the end of the article by using the example of zoo elephants and the physical and psychological effects that captivity inflicts on them. He uses this example to show that the conditions in which captive animals live have the same effects that it would have if human were in prison. The author concludes the article by suggesting that people release all captive animals back into the wild and bring all captive breeding programs to an end.
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In the article "Free the Elephants and Orcas in Captivity [Editorial]" by the Editors on the Scientific America website, the author argues that animals, similar to humans, possess emotions, intelligence, and self-awareness and therefore should not be kept in captivity.
To support this argument, the author highlights the concept of self-concept, which demonstrates that animals possess cognitive abilities and can form thoughts and beliefs similar to those of humans. Additionally, the author mentions martriline clans as an example of animals interacting in large communities, comparable to human nations.
Furthermore, the author discusses the detrimental effects of captivity on zoo elephants as a means to illustrate the physical and psychological toll it takes on captive animals. By drawing this parallel, the author demonstrates that the conditions of captivity can have similar effects on animals as imprisonment has on humans.
In conclusion, the author suggests that all captive animals be released back into the wild, and that captive breeding programs be stopped.
Summary Edit:
"In the article 'Free the Elephants and Orcas in Captivity [Editorial]' by the Editors on Scientific America, the author argues against keeping animals such as elephants and orcas in captivity. The author supports their argument by highlighting the cognitive abilities of animals and their emotional and self-awareness, stating that they are similar to humans. They discuss the concept of self-concept to show that animals can form thoughts and beliefs, just like humans. Additionally, the author uses the example of martriline clans to demonstrate how animals can interact in communities similar to human nations. The article also explores the negative effects of captivity on zoo elephants, both physically and psychologically. It draws a parallel between the conditions animals experience in captivity and the effects it would have if humans were in prison. The author concludes by suggesting the release of all captive animals into the wild and the cessation of captive breeding programs."
The summary has been modified to include a more concise and accurate representation of the article's main points and arguments.