What are the examples for dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
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Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are two important chemical reactions that involve the formation and breakage of bonds between molecules. Let's discuss examples of each:
1. Dehydration synthesis: This reaction is also known as a condensation reaction. It occurs when two molecules chemically bond together while releasing a water molecule. The process involves the removal of an H atom from one molecule and an OH group from the other molecule, resulting in the formation of a bond between the remaining atoms.
Example: The formation of a disaccharide, such as maltose, is an example of dehydration synthesis. It occurs when two glucose molecules combine through a condensation reaction, resulting in the release of a water molecule and the formation of a glycosidic bond between the glucose units.
2. Hydrolysis: This reaction is the reverse of dehydration synthesis. It involves the breakage of a bond between molecules by utilizing a water molecule. The water molecule splits into an H atom and an OH group, which are added to the two molecules involved in the reaction, resulting in their separation.
Example: The digestion of complex carbohydrates, such as starch, is a process that involves hydrolysis. Enzymes called amylases break the glycosidic bonds between glucose units in starch molecules, adding a water molecule to each bond and breaking it down into individual glucose units.
To find more examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis, you can explore various biological processes, including the formation or breakdown of macromolecules like proteins, fats, and nucleic acids. The reactions occur in various biochemical pathways and are facilitated by specific enzymes.