USING DOT (.) AND CROSS (x) DIAGRAM SHOW THE BONDING IN THE COMPOUND FORMED WHEN HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN COMBINE
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To show the bonding in the compound formed when hydrogen and oxygen combine, we will use dot (.) and cross (x) diagrams, also known as Lewis dot diagrams.
1. Start by determining the number of valence electrons for each element:
- Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron
- Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons
2. Draw the Lewis dot diagram for hydrogen:
- Place a dot (.) next to the symbol (H) to represent the single valence electron.
H
3. Draw the Lewis dot diagram for oxygen:
- Place six dots (.) around the symbol (O) to represent the six valence electrons. You can place the dots on each side of the symbol, as long as there are six in total.
.
. O .
.
4. Since each hydrogen atom can only form one bond, draw a cross (x) between hydrogen and oxygen to represent the shared pair of electrons in the bond.
H : O
5. Oxygen still has two valence electrons remaining. Place two crosses (x) around the oxygen atom to complete the octet.
.
. O .
.
.
6. Since oxygen and hydrogen form a covalent bond, they share electrons. The result is water (H2O).
H : O : H
By using dot (.) and cross (x) diagrams, we can visualize the bonding in the compound formed when hydrogen and oxygen combine, which in this case is water (H2O).