I was assigned to write an essay,after writing it ,I started to question my writing, and I just cannot decide on whether I should use passive or active voice for this kind of formal writing. ..yes,I have researched, but can't establish which one is more adequate.

Active voice is always the better choice, in my opinion.

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/passive.htm

Read very carefully, especially from the second paragraph on.

When deciding whether to use passive or active voice in formal writing, there are a few factors to consider. Both active and passive voice have their own uses and effects on writing style.

Active voice is generally preferred in formal writing because it is more direct and concise. It clearly identifies the subject performing the action of the verb. For example, in the sentence "The professor reviewed the research paper," the subject ("the professor") performs the action ("reviewed").

Passive voice, on the other hand, emphasizes the receiver of the action rather than the performer. It can be useful in certain situations, such as when the performer is unknown or unimportant, or when you want to focus on the results or consequences of an action. For example, "The research paper was reviewed by the professor," places the emphasis on the paper and the fact that it was reviewed.

To determine which voice to use, consider the following:

1. Clarity: Active voice is generally clearer and more direct. If you want to clearly state who is performing the action, active voice is the way to go.

2. Objectivity: In some formal writing contexts, such as scientific or technical papers, a more objective tone is desired. Passive voice can help achieve this by focusing on the result rather than the person performing the action.

3. Style and Tone: Consider the overall style and tone of your essay. Is it more appropriate to use a more formal and detached tone, or would a more engaging and direct approach be better suited? This decision may influence your choice of voice.

4. Audience and Purpose: Think about your intended audience and the purpose of your essay. Are you writing for experts in the field who expect a more technical approach? Or are you writing for a general audience where clarity and engagement are key?

In the end, the choice between active and passive voice depends on the specific context and requirements of your essay. It can be helpful to carefully read your essay aloud or ask someone else to read it to see which voice feels more appropriate and effectively conveys your ideas.