Give two examples to show how physics help in understanding the concept of evolution, biological systems of living organisms.

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Physics plays a crucial role in understanding the concept of evolution and biological systems in living organisms. Here are two examples that demonstrate this:

1. Biomechanics: Biomechanics is a field of study that combines physics and biology to understand how forces and mechanics shape the structure and function of living organisms. In the context of evolution, analyzing the mechanical properties of biological structures can provide insights into how they have evolved. For example, physics principles can help in understanding the evolution of the musculoskeletal system in animals. By applying the laws of motion and equilibrium, scientists can study the efficiency and effectiveness of different skeletal structures and their evolution over time. This understanding can reveal how certain adaptations, such as the development of wings in birds, have been essential for survival and reproductive advantage.

2. Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of energy transformation and transfer. It plays a significant role in understanding the energetics of biological systems and how they relate to evolution. For instance, the principle of the conservation of energy allows scientists to explain how energy is gained or lost during various biological processes. Understanding energy flow and conversion is crucial for comprehending the metabolic processes that fuel life and how they have evolved throughout history. Thermodynamics can reveal the efficiency of processes like digestion, respiration, and photosynthesis, shedding light on the selective pressures that have influenced the evolution of organisms' energy utilization strategies.

By employing the principles and tools of physics, scientists can delve into the mechanics and energetics of biological systems, helping to unravel the complex processes of evolution in living organisms.