What is the pathaway and processes of ingestion involved when a person has eaten a buttered polony sandwish?
what is a polony sandwich?
The small intestine is specialized for absorption by the huge number of villi that line the intestinal wall. Villi have cells that produce intestinal enzymes which complete the digestion of peptides and sugars.
When a person eats a buttered polony sandwich, several processes and pathways of ingestion are involved. Let's break it down step by step:
1. Chewing: The process of ingestion begins in the mouth. As you take a bite of the sandwich, your teeth and jaw muscles work together to break down the food into smaller, more manageable pieces.
2. Salivation: While chewing, the salivary glands in your mouth release saliva. Saliva contains digestive enzymes that start breaking down carbohydrates present in the bread.
3. Swallowing: Once the food is adequately chewed and mixed with saliva, it forms a bolus (a small, moist mass). The tongue helps in guiding the bolus to the back of the throat. When you swallow, the bolus passes through the pharynx, a common passage for food and air.
4. Esophagus: The bolus then enters the esophagus, a muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach. The muscular contractions, called peristalsis, help move the bolus down the esophagus and towards the stomach.
5. Stomach: The stomach is a highly acidic environment where further digestion occurs. The bolus enters the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter. The gastric acid, along with digestive enzymes such as pepsin, start breaking down proteins present in the polony.
6. Small Intestine: After partial digestion in the stomach, the food enters the small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Enzymes from the pancreas and the small intestinal lining break down the remaining carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
7. Absorption: The digested nutrients are absorbed through the intestinal walls and into the bloodstream. Substances like water and minerals are also absorbed.
8. Large Intestine: The remaining undigested waste, along with water, enters the large intestine (colon). Here, water and electrolytes are absorbed, and the remaining waste material is formed into feces.
9. Rectum and Elimination: Feces are stored in the rectum until elimination occurs. The rectum is the lower part of the intestine, and when it stretches from the pressure of feces, it triggers the urge to defecate. The feces are then eliminated through the anus.
In summary, the path of ingestion for a buttered polony sandwich involves the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. This series of digestive processes allows for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients, while eliminating waste materials from the body.