calculate normality oh hcl ? given specific gravity 1.18 and w/w 36.5
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To calculate the normality of HCl, you need to know its molarity and the number of equivalents of H+ ions it can produce per mole.
Here's the step-by-step process to calculate the normality of HCl given the specific gravity and percentage weight/weight (w/w):
1. Calculate the molarity of the HCl solution using the specific gravity:
- Specific gravity (SG) is the ratio of the density of a solution to the density of water. For HCl, a commonly used concentration is 37% w/w, which means 37g of HCl is present in 100g of solution.
- The Molarity (M) is the number of moles of a substance per liter of solution.
- The molarity can be calculated using the specific gravity by considering the density of water and the formula weight of HCl.
The formula to calculate molarity from specific gravity is:
Molarity (M) = Specific Gravity (SG) * (1000 / formula weight)
The formula weight of HCl is 36.461 g/mol.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Molarity (M) = 1.18 * (1000 / 36.461) = 32.324 M (rounded to three decimal places)
2. Determine the number of equivalents of H+ ions produced:
- HCl is a strong acid and dissociates completely in water, producing one H+ ion for each HCl molecule.
- Therefore, the number of equivalents of H+ ions is equal to the molarity of HCl.
In this case, the number of equivalents of H+ ions is 32.324.
3. Finally, we have enough information to calculate the normality of HCl:
- Normality (N) is the number of equivalents of a solute per liter of solution.
- In this case, since we have calculated the number of equivalents of H+ ions and the volume is not mentioned, we assume a 1-liter solution.
The normality can be calculated using the formula:
Normality (N) = Number of equivalents / Volume of solution in liters
Plugging in the values, we get:
Normality (N) = 32.324 equivalents / 1 liter = 32.324 N (rounded to three decimal places)
Therefore, the normality of the HCl solution is approximately 32.324 N.