An experiment calls for 100ml of 0.1M copper(II) sulfate solution. Write a step-by-step procedure for a science teacher to make 100ml of 5M stock solution and the required diluted solution.

To make a 100mL of 5M copper(II) sulfate stock solution and the required 100mL diluted solution, follow these step-by-step procedures:

Making the 5M Stock Solution:
1. Calculate the amount of copper(II) sulfate needed to make the 5M stock solution using the formula: (Molarity × Volume × Molecular weight) / 1000.
For example, (5M × 100mL × 159.61 g/mol) / 1000 = 79.81g of copper(II) sulfate.

2. Measure and weigh out 79.81g of copper(II) sulfate using a balance. Ensure accuracy by using a weighing boat and taring the balance.

3. Transfer the measured copper(II) sulfate into a clean, dry 500mL glass beaker.

4. Add distilled water to the beaker and stir the mixture with a glass stirring rod until all the copper(II) sulfate dissolves completely.

5. Carefully transfer the solution to a 100mL volumetric flask. Rinse the beaker several times with distilled water and add the rinses to the volumetric flask to ensure complete transfer of the solution.

6. Fill the volumetric flask to the graduation mark with distilled water, ensuring that the bottom of the meniscus aligns with the mark. Cap the flask and mix the solution thoroughly by inversion.

Preparing the Diluted Solution:
1. Calculate the amount of the 5M stock solution required to make 100mL of 0.1M copper(II) sulfate solution using the formula: (C1V1) = (C2V2), where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, and C2 and V2 are the desired concentration and volume of the diluted solution, respectively.

2. Rearrange the formula to calculate the volume of the stock solution required: V1 = (C2V2) / C1.
For example, V1 = (0.1M × 100mL) / 5M = 2mL of the 5M stock solution.

3. Measure and transfer 2mL of the 5M stock solution using a graduated pipette or syringe into a clean, dry 100mL volumetric flask.

4. Fill the volumetric flask to the graduation mark with distilled water, ensuring that the bottom of the meniscus aligns with the mark. Cap the flask and mix the solution thoroughly by inversion.

5. The resulting solution will be 100mL of 0.1M copper(II) sulfate, which can be used for the experiment.

Note: Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with chemicals and follow proper laboratory safety protocols.

To make 100ml of a 5M copper(II) sulfate stock solution and the required diluted solution, here is a step-by-step procedure:

1. Calculate the amount of copper(II) sulfate needed for the stock solution:
- The formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4.
- The molar mass of CuSO4 is 159.61 g/mol.
- To make a 5M solution, you'll need 5 moles of CuSO4 per liter.
- Therefore, for 100ml (0.1L), you'll need 0.5 moles (5 × 0.1) of CuSO4.
- Multiply the moles by the molar mass to get the mass needed: 0.5 moles × 159.61 g/mol = 79.8 grams.

2. Prepare the stock solution:
- Weigh out 79.8 grams of copper(II) sulfate using a balance.
- Dissolve the copper(II) sulfate in distilled water in a beaker or flask.
- Make sure the volume is 100ml by adding distilled water as necessary.
- Stir the solution until all the copper(II) sulfate crystals dissolve completely.

3. Prepare the diluted solution:
- Now, we will prepare the 0.1M solution using the 5M stock solution.
- The dilution formula is C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.
- Rearranging the formula, we get V2 = (C1 × V1) / C2.
- Substitute the values: V2 = (5M × 100ml) / 0.1M = 5000ml = 5L.
- Therefore, to make 100ml of a 0.1M solution, you'll need to dilute 100ml of the 5M stock solution to a total volume of 5000ml (5L) with distilled water.

Here's how you can perform the dilution:
- Using a graduated cylinder or pipette, measure 100ml of the 5M stock solution.
- Transfer the measured stock solution to a volumetric flask or a suitable container.
- Add distilled water to the flask gradually while gently mixing to reach a final volume of 5L.
- Make sure the solution is mixed thoroughly by swirling or using a stirrer.

It's important to note that when working with chemicals, safety precautions should be followed. Be sure to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, work in a well-ventilated area, and dispose of chemicals properly.

CuSO4 is 159.6 grams/ mol

5 M would be 159.6*5 = 798 grams/1000 mL
so we need
79.8 grams to make 100 mL of 5M

take one tenth of that solution, 10 mL
and mix it with 90 mL of water
to make
100mL of .5 M

take one fifth of that .5 M solution which is 20 mL and mix with 80 mL of water to make 100mL of .1 M