9. The Pleistocene Epoch, from 1.7 million years ago to 10 000 years ago, was marked by

A. a lack of oxygen
B. the presence of warm, tropical seas
C. the southern movement of the North American continent
D. the formation of glaciers that covered parts of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere

10. Continental ice sheets are present today in

A. the Rocky Mountains
B. northern Europe
C. Antarctica and Greenland
D. Australia

11. The period during which polar ice sheets advanced to cover large regions of North America and northern Europe is known as

A. an ice age
B. glaciation
C. an epoch
D. a glacier

12. An analysis of ice-core samples shows that over the past 160 000 years, the average temperature in Vostok has

A. stayed the same
B. steadily increased
C. steadily decreased
D. fluctuated

13. Which of the following is not an advantage of using a spreadsheet?

A. Using a spreadsheet takes less time to create a graph than one drawn by hand.

B. The speed of creating a spreadsheet allows you to include many more data points in your analysis, which leads to more detailed results.

C. A spreadsheet produces more accurate graphs. This allows you to make subtle distinctions when interpreting the graph.

D. A spreadsheet removes you from the rigorous nature of calculating data points and doing the graph yourself.

And your answers are?

9. The correct answer is D. the formation of glaciers that covered parts of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

To arrive at this answer, we need to understand what the Pleistocene Epoch was marked by. The Pleistocene Epoch, which lasted from 1.7 million years ago to 10,000 years ago, was a period of intense glaciations. This means that large ice sheets or glaciers formed, covering parts of the Northern Hemisphere (such as North America) and the Southern Hemisphere. These glaciers had a significant impact on the landscape and climate during this time.

10. The correct answer is C. Antarctica and Greenland.

To find this answer, we need to know the locations of present-day continental ice sheets. Continental ice sheets refer to large ice masses that cover extensive land areas. Today, the two main locations where continental ice sheets exist are Antarctica and Greenland. These regions have large ice sheets that have formed over thousands of years.

11. The correct answer is B. glaciation.

To determine this answer, we need to understand the term being described. Glaciation refers to the process of polar ice sheets advancing and covering large regions, commonly known as an ice age. During glaciation, ice sheets grow and move, shaping the surrounding landscape and influencing global climate patterns. This process occurred during specific periods in Earth's history, such as the last ice age.

12. The correct answer is D. fluctuated.

To find this answer, we need to analyze the information provided about the average temperature in Vostok over the past 160,000 years. Ice-core samples from Vostok, a research station in Antarctica, can provide information about past climate conditions. Based on the analysis of these ice-core samples, it is observed that the average temperature in Vostok has fluctuated over the past 160,000 years. This means that there have been periods of temperature increase and decrease, indicating variations in climate.

13. The correct answer is C. A spreadsheet produces more accurate graphs. This allows you to make subtle distinctions when interpreting the graph.

To determine the answer, we need to evaluate the advantages of using a spreadsheet. A spreadsheet is a digital tool used for organizing, analyzing, and presenting data. Some advantages of using a spreadsheet include the ability to create graphs quickly, include a large number of data points for detailed analysis, and remove the need for manual calculations. However, the option C states that a spreadsheet produces more accurate graphs, which allows for making subtle distinctions when interpreting the graph. This option is not accurate because the accuracy of a graph depends on the quality of the data and the skill of the person creating the graph, rather than the tool itself. Therefore, the correct answer is C.