30. The probability that a person can get infected with a rare type of blood disorder is

very small. Suppose that a blood test performed on 10,000 people showed that two
persons tested positive that is, a 0.02% chance of getting this type of blood disorder. This
probability measure was calculated using
(a) conditional probability approach.
(b) marginal probability.
(c) relative frequency approach
(d) classical approach.

No idea

The probability measure of 0.02% chance of getting the rare type of blood disorder was calculated using the conditional probability approach.

To understand why, let's take a look at the different options given:

(a) Conditional Probability Approach: This approach calculates the probability of an event happening given that another event has already occurred. In this case, the probability of testing positive for the blood disorder is calculated based on the assumption that the person has the disorder (i.e., the event of having the disorder is the condition). So, the probability measure obtained using this approach is appropriate for this situation.

(b) Marginal Probability: Marginal probability refers to the probability of a single event occurring without considering any other factors or events. In this case, the marginal probability would be the probability of testing positive for the disorder without any additional information. However, the question states that the probability measure used was obtained using the conditional probability approach, not the marginal probability approach.

(c) Relative Frequency Approach: The relative frequency approach is based on conducting repeated experiments or observations and calculating the probability as the frequency of the event occurring relative to the total number of observations. However, the question does not mention any repeated experiments or observations. Instead, it states that the probability measure was calculated based on a blood test performed on 10,000 people, which suggests a single and specific event.

(d) Classical Approach: The classical approach is based on the assumption of equally likely outcomes in a sample space. It is commonly used when all events are equally likely to occur. However, in this case, there is no indication that the blood disorder and the test results are equally likely outcomes.

Therefore, the most appropriate approach for calculating the probability measure of 0.02% chance of getting the rare type of blood disorder is the conditional probability approach (option a).