What kind (s) of particles make up (a) gaseous compounds, (b) liquid compounds, and (c) solid compounds?

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what kind of particles make up gaseous compounds, liquid compounds and solid compounds

(a) Gaseous compounds consist of particles called molecules. A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. Examples of gaseous compounds include oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2).

To determine the kind of particles that make up a gaseous compound, you can refer to its chemical formula. The formula provides information about the types and numbers of atoms present in the molecule. For instance, in O2, two oxygen atoms are bonded together to form a molecule.

(b) Liquid compounds also consist of molecules, similar to gaseous compounds. The main difference is that the particles in a liquid are closer together compared to a gas. This allows liquid compounds to flow and take the shape of their container. Examples of liquid compounds include water (H2O) and ethanol (C2H5OH).

(c) Solid compounds can be composed of different types of particles, depending on their structure. In ionic compounds, solids are formed by positively and negatively charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces. For example, in table salt (NaCl), sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-) are arranged in a regular repeating pattern.

In covalent compounds, solid structures may be formed by atoms sharing electrons to form covalent bonds. Examples include diamond (made of carbon atoms) and quartz (made of silicon and oxygen atoms).

To determine the kind of particles in a solid compound, you can study its chemical structure or formula, as well as its bonding characteristics.