What different attributes made "Craftsman" style houses and bungalows "Progressive"? How did different Progressive reformers see the bungalows differently? (What problems did they think the bungalows would fix?)
Bungalows are small, inexpensive houses that working people could afford to buy.
"Craftsman" is an aesthetic style, which may be used in buildings large or small, but usually associated with smaller houses. But that's a style, not measure of affordability. The Progressive Era was a populist era with most efforts aimed at protecting working people, small investors, etc. so small affordable houses fit into that ideal.
I'd look up a web site, but my WiFi is slow tonight for some reason. Type "bungalow" and "Craftsman style architecture" into your browser and see what comes up.
Thanks Reed, I already figured it out a few seconds after I had posted the question. But I do appreciate your help.
Good for you!
The Progressive era in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was characterized by a wide range of social, political, and architectural reforms. Craftsman style houses and bungalows emerged during this period and were considered "Progressive" due to several attributes that were associated with the ideals of the era. Let's break down these attributes and understand how different Progressive reformers viewed bungalows and their potential solutions:
1. Simple and Functional Design: Craftsman style houses and bungalows were known for their simplistic and practical design, focusing on functionality rather than excessive ornamentation. This approach was aligned with the Progressive belief in efficiency and utility, addressing the concerns raised by overcrowded and poorly built tenement housing.
2. Accessibility and Affordability: Bungalows were considered accessible and affordable compared to the larger, more elaborate homes of the time. Progressive reformers saw this as an opportunity to address the issue of housing affordability for the working class. They believed that by promoting smaller, more affordable houses like bungalows, homeownership could become more attainable for a wider range of people.
3. Worker's Housing: Bungalows were often seen as an alternative to urban tenement living, providing a healthier and more spacious environment for workers. Progressive reformers, such as housing reform advocates, viewed bungalows as a solution to the problems associated with urban slums and overcrowded tenements. They saw the potential for improving living conditions by promoting bungalows as an option for workers and their families.
4. Emphasis on Craftsmanship and Natural Materials: Craftsman style houses and bungalows were characterized by the use of natural materials, such as wood and stone, and craftsmanship in their construction. This approach aimed to counter the negative effects of mass-produced housing that lacked quality and individuality. Promoting handcrafted bungalows was seen as a way to revive traditional craftsmanship and promote skilled labor.
Different Progressive reformers had varying perspectives on bungalows and their potential impact:
1. Housing Reform Advocates: These reformers saw bungalows as a means of improving housing conditions and providing decent living standards for all. They believed that promoting bungalows would address issues of overcrowding, poor sanitation, and inadequate housing in urban areas.
2. Social Reformers: Some social reformers focused on the psychological and moral impact of the home environment. They believed that bungalows, with their emphasis on simplicity, natural materials, and connection to nature, would create a more wholesome and morally uplifting living space.
3. Garden City Movement Supporters: Influenced by the Garden City movement, which aimed to create self-contained communities with green spaces and easy access to essential services, reformers saw bungalows as a way to build such communities. They believed that well-planned bungalow neighborhoods would promote a sense of community, harmony with nature, and overall social well-being.
In summary, Craftsman style houses and bungalows were considered "Progressive" due to their simple and functional design, affordability, focus on craftsmanship and natural materials, and potential for addressing housing issues. Different Progressive reformers saw bungalows as a means to improve housing conditions, provide affordable homes for workers, promote craftsmanship, and create healthier and more socially cohesive communities.